Effects of the combination of ketamine and medetomidine anaesthesia on haematological parameters in Sahel goats

Abstract

The effects of the combination of ketamine and medetomidine intravenous (IV) anaesthesia on haematological parameters were evaluated in six sahel goats comprising of 5 females and 1 male with mean body weight of 19 ± 1.4kg. Each goat was given a recommended dose of the drugs combination: medetomidine at 0.01mg/kg and ketamine at 5mg/kg body weight IV. Pre injection blood samples were obtained and at 15 minutes interval during anaesthesia in EDTA bottles and later analyzed. The parameters evaluated were packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and differential leucocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes). The ketamine-medetomidine combination produced a significant decrease in PCV values from 30 minutes (24.00±1.23%) to 90 minutes (25.00±2.55%) compared with baseline value (29.50±1.52%); Hb also decreased significantly at 45mins. RBC and WBC values showed no significant difference compared with baseline values. Neutrophils decreased significantly at 45mins (35.17±3.25) compared to baseline value (41.50±3.67). There were no significant differences in lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils values from baseline. The ketamine and medetomidine combination produced decreases in PCV, Hb and neutrophils. The goats recovered from anaesthesia uneventfully.

Effect on Haematological and Biochemical Profiles Following Administration of Ketamine Alone and in Combination with Dexmedetomidine or Butorphanol in Atropinized Dogs

“…The decrease in total protein level may be due to haemodilution. Similar findings have been observed after administration of ketamine with alpha-2 agonist in dogs by Umar and Adam (2013). The non-significant alteration in total serum protein in all the groups might be due to splenic pooling of erythrocytes which caused overloading of water in blood.…”

“…Umar and Adam (2013) was observed up to 120 min post anaesthesia, thereafter it increased non-significantly to return near base values by 24hrs. In group DK, a non-significant decrease from 12.02±0.34 to 11.70±0.34 X10 3 cu.mm -1 was observed at 60 min post anaesthesia.…”

“…This might indicate that the doses of alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (xylazine) and ketamine used in the present study were not sufficient to control stress completely. Umar and Wakil (2013) reported a decrease in total WBC with corresponding increase in leukocytic differentials in a study involving goats using ketamine and medetomidine.…”

Changes in Hematological and Biochemical Profiles in Ovariohysterectomized Bitches Using an Alfaxalone–Midazolam–Morphine–Sevoflurane Protocol

“…It is known that the administration of α2-agonists suppresses the circulating catecholamines, which exerts a modulatory effect on leukocyte subpopulations [ 41 ]. In addition, dissociation agents also reduce leukocyte counts [ 42 ]. For example, ketamine and butorphanol produce an analgesic effect, reducing the response to stress by reducing cortisol and adrenaline and, consequently, the number of leukocytes.…”

Effect Of Three Anesthetic Protocols On The Haematological Indices In Cats During Ovariohysterectomy

“…The application of α2-agonists suppresses the circulating catecholamines by exerting a modulating effect on leukocyte subpopulations (15). Dissociation agents also reduce leukocyte counts (16).…”