Effects of the artificial reef and flow field environment on the habitat selection behavior of Sebastes schlegelii juveniles

Li, Jiajia; Li, Jiao; Gong, Pi-Hai; Guan, Changtao

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105492

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The MGR refers to the ratio between the quantity of scorpionfish gathered around a reef at a fixed time point in the experiment and the total quantity of scorpionfish in the experiment: (Li et al, 2021)…”

Section: Data Processing and Statistical Analysis 261 Mean Gathering ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parsons et al (2016) used drop cameras to study the effects of temperate rocky reef habitats on fish abundance and species composition. Li et al (2021) studied the effects of artificial reefs and the flow field environment on the habitat selection behavior of juvenile scorpionfish Sebastes schlegelii with an underwater camera system, and the results showed that there were significant differences in fish aggregation around different reef structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of reef structure and its flow field effect on the spatial behavior of Sebastes schlegelii adults

Gong

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Sebases schlegelii is an important economic reef fish in northern China. Its distribution in the reef area is affected by the reef structure and flow field. To evaluate the effects of differently shaped artificial reefs with distinct flow field properties on the distribution of adult S. schlegelii, four types of artificial reefs (cubic (CAR), pyramidal (PAR), star-shaped (SAR) and tubular (TAR) artificial reef) and the related flow regimes were experimentally examined. The mean gathering rate (MGR) and wavelet analysis were adopted to analyze the distribution patterns of S. schlegelii adults around reef bodies in three representative environmental conditions (static water (FE1), 40 Hz water flow environment (FE2), and 50 Hz water flow environment (FE3)). The significant gathering behaviors around the artificial reefs were depicted through the MGR of adult fish during physical observations. For FE1, the MGR of adult fish showed a decrease in the order PAR > CAR > SAR > TAR. With increasing incoming velocities, the MGR changed such that the quantity of adult fish in the CAR gradually increased more than that in the PAR, but no significant differences were observed between them (P>0.05). Wavelet analysis showed that the fluctuations in the gathering behaviors of adults decreased with increasing flow velocities. Based on the two-factor analysis of variance, the reef structural characteristics had a more significant impact than the flow velocities on the gathering behavior of adult fish. In summary, the PAR and CAR are recommended to restore the habitats of S. schlegelii in marine ranches given their dominant aggregation effects on S. schlegelii.

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Section: Data Processing and Statistical Analysis 261 Mean Gathering ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of reef structure and its flow field effect on the spatial behavior of Sebastes schlegelii adults

Gong

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…To develop the evaluation method, the first step is to select the evaluation indices. Previous studies discussed above have established that different flow field characteristics around ARs can support ecological service functions, such as promoting the transportation and exchange of nutrients, increasing the diffusion of bait organisms, and improving the natural habitat (Jiang et al, 2016;Perkol-Finkel et al, 2018;Kim et al, 2019;Li et al, 2021;Zheng et al, 2022). To fully evaluate the flow field effects of ARs, the evaluation indices were selected by referring to these studies, as shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Selection Of Evaluation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inner vortical structure of the AR is directly connected to water exchange and nutrient transport inside and outside the reef (Zheng et al, 2022). The flow field above and on the sides of different AR structures has a significantly different effect on the gathering of juvenile fish (Li et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation method for determining the optimal structure of artificial reefs based on their flow field effects

Ding

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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To design artificial reef (ARs) structures that can provide better habitats for fish, extensive research has been conducted on the flow field effects of ARs with different structures. The evaluation indices of the flow field effects include upwelling and back vortex flow. However, there has been little quantitative analysis of these two indices. In addition, several studies have suggested that other flow field characteristics of ARs can aid in providing habitats for fish. To evaluate the flow field effects of ARs more comprehensively, the following work was conducted in this study. First, the flow field of the solid cubic AR was simulated using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based software (Fluent), and based on the particle image velocimetry (PIV) approach, these simulation results were verified by flume experiments. Next, the flow fields of ARs with other structures (hollow cube, solid triangular pyramid, hollow triangular pyramid, solid truncated rectangular pyramid, and hollow truncated rectangular pyramid) were simulated using the verified numerical model. Subsequently, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach, an evaluation model with six evaluation indices of the flow field effect of ARs (upwelling region, wake region, surface area of ARs, upper slow-flowing area, lateral slow-flowing area, and internal velocity of ARs) was established, and the weights of the evaluation indices were determined using the entropy weight method (EWM). Finally, to determine the structure of ARs with optimal flow field effects, the evaluation model was used for evaluating the flow field effects of all ARs. The superiority and ranking of the flow field effects of all ARs were calculated using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method. This study provides a theoretical basis and reference for the optimization of AR structures.

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“…AR structures tend to be optimized by measuring their hydrodynamic effects (e.g., upwellings and back eddies) under laboratory settings (Kim et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2022;Nie et al, 2022). For example, a smaller opening ratio (i.e., ratio of the projected area of the cut-opening hole to the whole projected area of the reef surface) could enhance the upwelling and back eddy fields to provide favorable conditions for reef fish (Fu et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2019;Li et al, 2021). Reef structures are optimized based on hydrodynamic processes because the distributions of fish are hypothesized to be controlled by the stress of environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate relative size of covered and non-covered structures of artificial reef enhances the sheltering effect on reef fish

et al. 2023

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Identifying the relationship between fish aggregations and artificial reefs (ARs) is important for optimizing reef structures and protecting marine resources subjected to external disturbance. Yet, knowledge remains limited of how the distribution of fish is affected by shelter availability provided by different AR structures. Here, we tested the effects of two structural attributes on the distribution of a benthic juvenile reef fish (fat greenling, Hexagrammos otakii). We used a laboratory mesocosm experiment with a simplified reef unit that was made of covered structure and non-covered structure. The covered structure was defined as the area inside ARs that provided effective shelter. The non-covered structure was defined as the area along the edge of ARs, which attracts fish but has lower sheltering effects. Four scenarios of two orthogonal structural attributes contained in a reef unit were implemented: size of covered structure (small shelter versus large shelter) and size of non-covered structure (small edge versus large edge), forming three size ratios of shelters to edges (low, medium, and high). The sheltering effects of the four scenarios were evaluated based on changes to the distribution patterns of fish under disturbance. We found that the reef with a large shelter had a better sheltering effect than the reef with a small shelter, but was limited by its small edge, especially when fish density was high. In contrast, the sheltering effect of the reef with a small shelter was limited by its large edge compared to the small edge. Thus, a moderate shelter-edge ratio enhanced the ability of juvenile fat greenling to elude external disturbance. Our findings highlight the importance of quantifying how the structural composition of reefs affects fish distributions, providing guidance to optimize AR structures.

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Effects of the artificial reef and flow field environment on the habitat selection behavior of Sebastes schlegelii juveniles

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Influence of reef structure and its flow field effect on the spatial behavior of Sebastes schlegelii adults

Influence of reef structure and its flow field effect on the spatial behavior of Sebastes schlegelii adults

An evaluation method for determining the optimal structure of artificial reefs based on their flow field effects

Moderate relative size of covered and non-covered structures of artificial reef enhances the sheltering effect on reef fish

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