Effects of the anesthetic MS-222 on silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) juveniles under aquaculture treatment stresses

Abstract

2The silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) is a major economically important marine fish in China. 3However, P. argenteus is sensitive to many stress factors and susceptible to injury. This problem could 2 4 be resolved using anesthesia. We determined the lowest effective dose (LED) of tricaine 2 5 methanesulfonate (MS-222) and assessed the longest safe deep anesthesia time and effect after 2 6 aquaculture treatment stresses. P. argenteus juveniles were exposed to six concentrations of MS-222 2 7(10, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 mg L -1 ); LED was established at 75 mg L -1 . The juveniles were exposed 2 8to different deep anesthesia times (4, 7, 10, 12, and 15 min) at 75 mg L -1 ; the longest safe deep 2 9anesthesia time under LED was 10 min. Finally, the juveniles were randomly divided into four groups: 3 0 control group (CG), draining group (DG, drain), anesthetic group (AG, drain + MS-222 + aquaculture 3 1 treatment); and non-anesthetic group (NAG, drain + aquaculture treatment). Plasma cortisol levels in 3 2 the NAG, AG, DG, and CG groups were 38.739 ± 1.065 (highest), 25.083 ± 0.587, 28.644 ± 0.612, and 3 322.620 ± 0.836 ng mL -1 (lowest). The AG group showed significant differences in superoxide 3 4 dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde activities, except for glutathione. HSP70, HSP90, GR1, and 3 5GR2 mRNA levels in the NAG group increased sharply in response to stressors. GR1 and GR2 mRNA 3 6 levels in the AG group also increased significantly, whereas HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA levels showed 3 7 no significant differences. Thus, MS-222 can reduce oxidative damage, stress reaction, and resistance 3 8to aquaculture treatment stresses in P. argenteus.

Comparative Efficacy of Anesthetic Agents (Clove Oil and Sodium Bicarbonate) on Cultured African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

“…18 19, 20, 21 Different species differ greatly in their responses to various anesthetics. 22,23,24 Clove oil as an anesthetic agent on Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus at varying body weight Tables 3 -5 shows the frequency in induction time and recovery time in Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus when exposed to Clove oil as an anesthetic agent. For both Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus, increase in concentration (mg/l) of Clove oil with increase in the body weight (g) of the species exposed consequently leads to decrease in the time it takes the species to be completely anesthetized (induction time) while the recovery process took more time to recover completely from the effect of the anesthetic (recovery time).…”

“…Different species differ greatly in their responses to various anesthetics. 22,23,24 It is therefore very vital to screen and select the best anesthetic and effective doses for a particular species and procedure. This is because unpremeditated adverse effects can result from a good anaesthetic if not…”