Effects of the actively morphing root chord and taper on helicopter energy

Sal, Firat

doi:10.1108/aeat-08-2019-0165

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nowadays, advances in smart technologies have enabled such needs to be satisfied. Wing morphing is used in the aerospace industry to improve the aerodynamic efficiency and adaptability of aircraft (Ajaj et al, 2021;Yan et al, 2019), helicopters (Riemenschneider et al, 2019;Sal, 2020), micro air vehicles (Siddall et al, 2017) and unmanned air vehicles (Mir et al, 2018;Thangeswaran et al, 2019).…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards smart blades for vertical axis wind turbines: different airfoil shapes and tip speed ratios

Tirandaz,

Rezaeiha,

Micallef

2023

Wind Energ. Sci.

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Abstract. Future wind turbines will benefit from state-of-the-art technologies that allow them to not only operate efficiently in any environmental condition but also maximise the power output and cut the cost of energy production. Smart technology, based on morphing blades, is one of the promising tools that could make this possible. The present study serves as a first step towards designing morphing blades as functions of azimuthal angle and tip speed ratio for vertical axis wind turbines. The focus of this work is on individual and combined quasi-static analysis of three airfoil shape-defining parameters, namely the maximum thickness t/c and its chordwise position xt/c as well as the leading-edge radius index I. A total of 126 airfoils are generated for a single-blade H-type Darrieus turbine with a fixed blade and spoke connection point at c/2. The analysis is based on 630 high-fidelity transient 2D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations previously validated with experiments. The results show that with increasing tip speed ratio the optimal maximum thickness decreases from 24 %c (percent of the airfoil chord length in metres) to 10 %c, its chordwise position shifts from 35 %c to 22.5 %c, while the corresponding leading-edge radius index remains at 4.5. The results show an average relative improvement of 0.46 and an average increase of nearly 0.06 in CP for all the values of tip speed ratio.

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Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards smart blades for vertical axis wind turbines: different airfoil shapes and tip speed ratios

Tirandaz,

Rezaeiha,

Micallef

2023

Wind Energ. Sci.

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“…In addition, in the study by Oktay and Sultan (2014) active morphing was very useful, and the active morphing parameters were blade radius, chord length, angular speed and twist. Using this novel approach approximately 85% of the control effort throughout 80 kts SLF condition (visit also other articles such as Ganguli, 2002; Fusato and Celi, 2006; Hodges et al , 2008; Kang et al , 2010; Barbarino, 2011; Vu et al , 2013; Kambampati and Ganguli, 2016; Stalewski and Zalewski, 2019; Shahmiri et al , 2019; and Sal, 2020 for different redesign applications) was saved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous swept anhedral helicopter blade tip shape and control-system design

Sal

2022

AEAT

Self Cite

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Purpose This paper aims to offer a simultaneous design approach for helicopter having swept anhedral blade tip shape and helicopter flight control system (HFCS) to minimize controller cost. Design/methodology/approach By considering previously stated offer, control-oriented models and a stochastic optimization method are applied to minimize controller cost of the HFCS. Findings Using simultaneous design approach for helicopters having blade tip swept and blade tip anhedral causes considerably less control effort than the helicopters not benefiting this related design approach. Practical implications Simultaneous design approach for helicopters having blade tip swept and blade tip anhedral is applicable to consider fuel economy. Originality/value One important novelty of this paper is using simultaneous approach for determining optimum shape of blade tip swept and anhedral. Another considerable novelty of this paper is also using a stochastic optimization method called simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation for previously mentioned purpose. In this paper, it is also reached that using simultaneous design approach for swept anhedral helicopter blade tip shape and HFCS causes less control effort than the helicopters not using this approach. This leads to less fuel consumption and green environment.

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“…Nowadays, advances in smart technologies have enabled such needs to be satisfied. Wing morphing is used in the aerospace industry to improve the aerodynamic efficiency and adaptability of aircraft [4][5][6][7][8], helicopters [9][10][11][12], micro air vehicles [13][14][15][16][17] and unmanned air vehicles [18][19][20][21]. In contrast, the blades of wind turbines operate at relatively low wind speeds with a low level of risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Smart Blades for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines: Different Airfoil Shapes and Tip Speed Ratios

Tirandaz

Rezaeiha²,

Micallef³

2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Future wind turbines will benefit from state-of-the-art technologies that allow them to not only operate efficiently in any environmental condition, but also to maximize the power output and cut the cost of energy production. Smart technology, based on morphing blades, is one of the promising tools that could make this possible. The present study serves as a basis for identifying morphing airfoils as functions of azimuthal angle and tip speed ratio for vertical axis wind turbines. The focus of this work is on the combined analysis of three airfoil shape-defining parameters, namely the maximum thickness t/c and its chordwise position xt/c as well as the leading-edge radius index I. A total of 126 airfoils are generated. The analysis is based on 630 high-fidelity transient CFD simulations, validated with three experiments. The results show that with increasing λ, the optimal maximum thickness decreases from 24 %c to 10 %c, its chordwise position shifts from 35 %c to 22.5 %c, while the corresponding leading-edge radius index remains at 4.5. The results show an average improvement of nearly 0.06 in CP for all the values of λ.

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Effects of the actively morphing root chord and taper on helicopter energy

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Towards smart blades for vertical axis wind turbines: different airfoil shapes and tip speed ratios

Towards smart blades for vertical axis wind turbines: different airfoil shapes and tip speed ratios

Simultaneous swept anhedral helicopter blade tip shape and control-system design

Towards Smart Blades for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines: Different Airfoil Shapes and Tip Speed Ratios

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