Effects of testosterone gel treatment in hypogonadal men with liver cirrhosis

Testosterone therapy increases muscle mass in men with cirrhosis and low testosterone: A randomised controlled trial

“…The single trial to assess the effects of testosterone on muscle strength in hypogonadal cirrhotic men demonstrated an increase in handgrip strength (12), but there was no control group for comparison. The current study is the only placebocontrolled trial in hypogonadal men with cirrhosis, and the only trial to comprehensively examine body composition.…”

“…Previous studies investigating the potential therapeutic effects of testosterone therapy in men with cirrhosis have been limited by such issues as inclusion of women and eugonadal men, variable follow-up durations, and inappropriate drug delivery such as oral administration, with inconclusive findings (10)(11)(12)(13). A Cochrane review of testosterone therapy in men with liver disease included a high proportion of non-cirrhotic subjects with alcoholic hepatitis who ceased alcohol ingestion during the study period, and thus the failure to identify benefit is uninterpretable (14).…”

Ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates cholestasis-induced histophysiological alterations in the male reproductive system of bile duct-ligated rats

“…Hypogonadism is defined as inadequate gonadal function, manifested by deficiency in gametogenesis and/or secretion of gonadal hormones [33]. Hypogonadism is a common clinical situation in male patients with advanced liver cirrhosis [29,[34][35][36][37]. Testicular atrophy and testosterone insufficiency were noted in experimental models of liver cirrhosis as well [38][39][40][41].…”

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and decreased bone mineral density: is there a link?

“…For example, cirrhotic patients are more prone to develop metabolic bone disease, and osteodystrophy is frequently observed among patients with alcoholic or viral cirrhosis [67]. Young patients with cirrhosis (particularly those of alcoholic etiology) are exposed to excess risk of bone fractures [68,69]. Hypogonadism may play a role in male patients with cirrhosis [70], and testosterone treatment is associated with improvements in BMD and IR [71].…”