Effects of temporary vascular occluder poloxamer 407 Gel on the endothelium

Abstract

BackgroundCoronary occlusion techniques during OPCAB may lead to an endothelial damage to the target vessel. The adverse effects of these techniques are well-known, and researches have been trying to find out new materials to occlude the coronary artery without an endothelial damage. In the present study, we investigate to the endothelial damage in the rat aorta which is occluded by Poloxamer 407 gel.MethodsForty-five rats were randomized in three groups: (1) segment of the aorta was occluded with Poloxamer 407 gel in P 407 group; (2) segment of the aorta was occluded with microvascular clamp in MV clamp group; and (3) no onclusion was available in the Control group. The rats were sacrificed of observation, and a 15mm segment of the aorta was obtained as a specimen. Integrity of the endothelial lining was observed with a scanning electron microscopy.ResultsScanning electron microscopy revealed a statistically significant difference among the 3 groups (p<0,001) using the SPSS 13.0 test. No difference was found between the Control group and the P 407 group (p=0,059). The differences between MV clamp–Control group (p<0,001) and MV clamp–P 407 group were statistically significant (p<0,002).ConclusionsWe suggest that Poloxamer 407 gel occlusion may be a safer and more effective method compared to the microvascular clamp occlusion.

Pluronic® block-copolymers in medicine: from chemical and biological versatility to rationalisation and clinical advances

“…38,39 Some poloxamer-based devices are also clinically utilised in the U.S. and in Europe, for instance the Pluronic® 407 gel (LeGoo® from Pluromed Inc.) used as off-pump coronary bypass (rapid gel injection aer arteriotomy of the abdominal aorta in order to occlude the vessel -Poloxamer 407becomes solid within a few seconds). 40 A number of clinical trials now involve Pluronic® polymer containing formulations (Table 1).…”

Healing arterial ulcers: Endothelial lining regeneration upon vascular denudation injury

“…It is likely that additional undocumented endothelial denudation injuries are created with high incidence during the process of stent placement. In fact, studies in animal models have indicated that surgical clamping alone is sufficient to cause loss of the endothelial layer [15,16]. Catheter contact with the vessel wall is also sufficient to cause denudation, an underappreciated source of endothelial injury [17].…”

Reproducible Arterial Denudation Injury by Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Clamping in a Murine Model

“…Arterial denudation injury due to percutaneous interventions, such as balloon angioplasty and vascular stenting, result in early and late vascular thrombosis and restenosis and contributes to recurrent ischemic events 3,12 . Interestingly, surgical vascular clamping has also been implicated as a cause of arterial denudation, expanding the scope of the problem to patients undergoing any vascular procedure, whether percutaneous or open 13 . While impaired re-endothelialization is a fairly recognized cause of thrombosis and restenosis, the molecular mechanisms surrounding re-endothelialization have been difficult to elucidate.…”