Effects of temperature and salinity on the growth of the red tide flagellates Heterocapsa circularisquama (Dinophyceae) and Chattonella verruculosa (Raphidophyceae)

Growth Characteristics and Intraspecies Host Specificity of a Large Virus Infecting the Dinoflagellate Heterocapsa circularisquama

“…5B). These data agree with the idea that the more vigorously growing host cells at 25°C are preferable for viral growth because of their higher biosynthesis activity (44). The growth parameters calculated through the one-step growth experiments were similar to those previously estimated by transmission electron microscopy, 48 to 72 h and 1,300 infectious particles cell Ϫ1 (36).…”

“…Because H. circularisquama has caused heavy commercial damage to the aquaculture industry of bivalves such as short-necked clams, blue mussels, Pacific oysters, and pearl oysters in the western part of Japan (17)(18)(19), detailed investigations of the biology of H. circularisquama have been conducted. In the process, it was shown that H. circularisquama has several characteristics distinct from the other representative red tide-causing microalgae, such as members of the genus Chattonella and H. akashiwo: it can tolerate high temperature and salinity (44), it forms a temporary cyst that is tolerant to the cataclysm of ambient conditions (11,40) or bacterial attack (26), and it can also attack other phytoflagellates through direct cell contact (39,40). As HcV is a natural infective agent of H. circularisquama, it seemed meaningful to assess the possibility of its use as a microbiological agent for controlling blooms.…”

Eutrophication and occurrences of harmful algal blooms in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

“…Overwintering cysts have not been identified yet. For this dinoflagellate, winter temperatures of less than 15°C in the Seto Inland Sea and most of the Japanese coastal sea are too low for this species to overwinter (Yamaguchi et al 1997);however, Shiraishi et al (in preparation) recently discovered H. circularisquama overwintering as motile vegetative cells in Uranouchi-Inlet, Pacific coast of Kochi Prefecture. This species forms resistant temporary cysts, and can be transferred with commercially useful bivalves (Honjo et al 1998).…”

A prolonged red tide of Heterocapsa triquetra (Ehrenberg) F. Stein (Dinophyceae) and phytoplankton succession in a eutrophic estuary in Turkey

“…A number of researchers suggest that the highest growth rate of Heterocapsa triquetra is observed when there is a combination of 15°C and 15 psu, and is well adapted to euryhaline waters (Yamaguchi et al, 1997). In this study, the relationships between physical conditions and H. triquetra abundance show that low water temperature (9.5 to 14.5°C) and moderate salinity (15 to 16) are probably favourable for rapid growth from January to April.…”