Effects of temperature and ionic strength on the stabilities of the first and second fluoride complexes of yttrium and the rare earth elements

Luo, Yanxin; Millero, Frank J.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.025

Cited by 36 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…A critical analysis of the available ambient temperature data is beyond the scope of this paper. However, in our view, the most reliable data are those of Klungness and Byrne (2000); Liu andByrne (1995, 1997); Luo and Byrne (2000, 2004; Byrne (1999, 2004), and Luo and Millero (2004), which report formation constants of the REE at standard conditions for all the naturally occurring inorganic ligands referred to above. These studies systematically evaluated the stability of all the REE using the same experimental methods, and provide indispensable information on the trends in inter-element stability of the REE, which is essential for understanding differences in the behavior of the various REE in aqueous solutions (e.g., their fractionation).…”

Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Species Of the Ree (Iii) mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…At ambient temperature, the dominant fluoride species are REEF 2+ and REEF 2 + , and the stability of the LREE fluoride complexes is lower than that of HREE complexes (Schijf and Byrne, 1999;Byrne, 2000, 2007;Luo and Millero, 2004). However, at higher temperature both the speciation and inter-element stability relations are different.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Ree Fluoride Complexesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Fig. 3 compares values of the formation constants of REEF 2+ obtained from high temperature (Migdisov and Williams-Jones, 2007;Migdisov et al, 2009), at 5-40°C (Luo and Millero, 2004), and the predictions of Haas et al (1995). From this figure, it is evident that the extrapolations of Haas et al (1995) were based on the erroneous assumption that at high-temperature the stability of these complexes should reflect the inter-element dependence observed at ambient temperature.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Ree Fluoride Complexesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The REE form much stronger complexes with fluoride than with chloride ions ( Wood, 1990a( Wood, , 1990bHaas et al, 1995;Schijf and Byrne, 1999;Byrne, 2000, 2007;Luo and Millero, 2004). However, whereas the stability of fluoride complexes has been investigated experimentally in numerous studies at ambient conditions using a variety of methods (see references above), experimental data on the behavior of these species at high temperature are much more limited.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Ree Fluoride Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal transport, deposition, and fractionation of the REE: Experimental data and thermodynamic calculations

et al. 2016

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For many years, our understanding of the behavior of the REE in hydrothermal systems was based on semiempirical estimates involving extrapolation of thermodynamic data obtained at 25°C (Haas et al., 1995;Wood, 1990a). Since then, a substantial body of experimental data has accumulated on the stability of aqueous complexes of the REE. These data have shown that some of the predictions of Haas et al. (1995) are accurate, but others may be in error by several orders of magnitude. However, application of the data in modeling hydrothermal transport and deposition of the REE has been severely hampered by the lack of data on the thermodynamic properties of even the most common REE minerals. The discrepancies between the predictions of Haas et al. (1995) and experimental determinations of the thermodynamic properties of aqueous REE species, together with the paucity of data on the stability of REE minerals, raise serious questions about the reliability of some models that have been proposed for the hydrothermal mobility of these critical metals. In this contribution, we review a body of high-temperature experimental data collected over the past 15 years on the stability of REE aqueous species and minerals. Using this new thermodynamic dataset, we re-evaluate the mechanisms responsible for hydrothermal transport and deposition of the REE. We also discuss the mechanisms that can result in REE fractionation during their hydrothermal transport and deposition. Our calculations suggest that in hydrothermal solutions, the main REE transporting ligands are chloride and sulfate, whereas fluoride, carbonate, and phosphate likely play an important role as depositional ligands. In addition to crystallographic fractionation, which is based on the differing affinity of mineral structures for the REE, our models suggest that the REE can be fractionated hydrothermally due to the differences in the stability of the LREE and HREE as aqueous chloride complexes.

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Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Species Of the Ree (Iii) mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Ree Fluoride Complexesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Ree Fluoride Complexesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Thermodynamic Stability Of Aqueous Ree Fluoride Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal transport, deposition, and fractionation of the REE: Experimental data and thermodynamic calculations

et al. 2016

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“…From measurements of β n * as a function of concentration, it is possible to determine the thermodynamic constants and the activity coefficients of the ion complexes. The values of the activity coefficients for the lead complexes can be formulated by (Millero and Byrne, 1984;Møller, 1988;Pitzer, 1991;Luo and Millero, 2004) …”

Section: Activity Coefficients Of Lead Complexes With CL −mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability constants for the formation of lead chloride complexes as a function of temperature and ionic strength

Luo

Millero

2007

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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The REE s in Hydrothermal Systems

Migdisov¹,

Williams‐Jones²,

Brugger³

2019

Encyclopedia of Water

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Extensive use of the rare earth elements (REEs, mostly represented by the lanthanide group from La to Lu) in renewable energy applications and defense‐related technologies triggered high and growing interest to the processes responsible for migration, separation, and concentration of these elements in natural processes. Understanding these processes and the behavior of REEs in them is essential for exploration of new resources of these elements and efficient use of REEs in industrial applications. There is now an almost universal agreement that hot aqueous fluids play a significant and, in some cases, a dominant role in concentration and separation of REEs in nature. This article reviews high‐temperature experimental data collected over the past 15 years on the stability of the REE aqueous species and minerals and discusses the mechanisms responsible for hydrothermal transport and deposition of the REEs.

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Effects of temperature and ionic strength on the stabilities of the first and second fluoride complexes of yttrium and the rare earth elements

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Hydrothermal transport, deposition, and fractionation of the REE: Experimental data and thermodynamic calculations

Hydrothermal transport, deposition, and fractionation of the REE: Experimental data and thermodynamic calculations

Stability constants for the formation of lead chloride complexes as a function of temperature and ionic strength

The REE s in Hydrothermal Systems

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