Effects of temperature and concentration polarization on water vapour permeability for blood in membrane distillation

Sakai, Kiyotaka; Koyano, Takeshi; Muroi, Toshihito; Tamura, Makio

doi:10.1016/0300-9467(88)80081-9

Cited by 54 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The largest differences can be found between hollow fiber membranes, which have been studied for MD fouling relatively extensively, and all the rest. Hollow fiber membranes are known to have higher fouling potential [50], but the present review has found that their fouling potential is often extremely high, occurring under many conditions for which other units have not been known to foul, and they have even experienced fouling with bulk concentrations well below saturation conditions, which is highly unusual [3,151]. Crucially, this high degree of fouling has generally been found in the experimentally more common setup in which feed is inside the capillary tubes [28]; in other experiments with distillate inside the capillary tubes, fouling was in some cases regarded as unlikely [143], although it still can occur, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Types Of Modulementioning

confidence: 77%

Scaling and fouling in membrane distillation for desalination applications: A review

et al. 2015

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Section: Types Of Modulementioning

confidence: 77%

Scaling and fouling in membrane distillation for desalination applications: A review

et al. 2015

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“…Blood and plasma were treated by MD in order to promote a solute-free extraction of water from biomedical solutions without loss in quality [121,122]. Membrane distillation has also been suggested as an innovative tool to ameliorate treatment of uraemia by allowing purification of the blood ultrafiltrate and the re-injection of the purified water to the patients [123].…”

Section: Applications Of Membrane Distillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination and Purification Applications

Camacho

Dumée

Zhang

et al. 2013

Water

626

342

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Membrane distillation is a process that utilizes differences in vapor pressure to permeate water through a macro-porous membrane and reject other non-volatile constituents present in the influent water. This review considers the fundamental heat and mass transfer processes in membrane distillation, recent advances in membrane technology, module configurations, and the applications and economics of membrane distillation, and identifies areas that may lead to technological improvements in membrane distillation as well as the application characteristics required for commercial deployment. Keywordsa function of temperature, vapor pressure, and of the gas molecular mass K 0 membrane characteristic defined by Equation (9) Kn Knudsen number K(T) a function of temperature and molecular weight of the gas l mean free path of the molecules l m distance between parallel spacer fibres (m) LEP Limit Entry Pressure (kPa) M molecular mass (g/mol) M w molecular weights of water (g/mol) M a molecular weights of air (g/mol) n number of CNTs per unit cross section in bucky-paper P pressure in the air gap (kPa) half time to reach the maximum intensity-laser flash technique (s) t proportion of conductive heat (balance due to evaporative heat) loss through the membrane T mean temperature in the pores (K)

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“…The aforementioned grafting agents were efficiently modified by the chemical attachment to the ceramic support. Ceramic materials are characterized by high chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability; therefore, they are ideal materials for many applications in the chemical, biotechnological [49,50], food [51], and pharmaceutical industries [52,53], as well as in water and wastewater processing [40,41,49]. However, ceramic membranes are hydrophilic by nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Ceramic Membranes for Water Desalination

et al. 2017

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Hydrophilic ceramic membranes (tubular and planar) made of TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 were efficiently modified with non-fluorinated hydrophobic grafting molecules. As a result of condensation reaction between hydroxyl groups on the membrane and reactive groups of modifiers, the hydrophobic surfaces were obtained. Ceramic materials were chemically modified using three various non-fluorinated grafting agents. In the present work, the influence of grafting time and type of grafting molecule on the modification efficiency was evaluated. The changes of physicochemical properties of obtained hydrophobic surfaces were determined by measuring the contact angle (CA), roughness (RMS), and surface free energy (SFE). The modified surfaces were characterized by contact angle in the range of 111-132 • . Moreover, hydrophobic tubular membranes were utilized in air-gap membrane distillation to desalination of sodium chloride aqueous solutions. The observed permeate fluxes were in the range of 0.7-4.8 kg·m −2 ·h −1 for tests with pure water. The values of permeate fluxes for membranes in contact with NaCl solutions were smaller, within the range of 0.4-2.8 kg·m −2 ·h −1 . The retention of NaCl in AGMD process using hydrophobized ceramic membranes was close to unity for all investigated membranes.

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Effects of temperature and concentration polarization on water vapour permeability for blood in membrane distillation

Cited by 54 publications

References 3 publications

Scaling and fouling in membrane distillation for desalination applications: A review

Scaling and fouling in membrane distillation for desalination applications: A review

Advances in Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination and Purification Applications

Hydrophobic Ceramic Membranes for Water Desalination

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