Effects of tail docking on behavior of confined feedlot cattle1

Abstract

Tail tip injuries occur in some feedlot cattle housed in slatted-floor facilities typically found in the midwestern United States. The practice of tail docking cattle on entry into these feedlot facilities was initiated to prevent tail injuries. Tail docking is a welfare concern from the standpoint that an important method of fly avoidance is removed and the tail docking procedure is painful and often excludes local anesthesia or extended analgesia. The primary objective of this study was to describe the behavioral responses of feedlot cattle following tail docking. Thirty-six heifers were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: docked (DK) or control (CN). All calves received an epidural following surgical preparation of the sacrococcygeal area and postoperative intravenous flunixin meglumine. A portion of the tail of DK calves was removed using pruning shears. An elastrator band was placed near the tail tip for hemostasis and tail tips were sprayed with fly spray. IceQube accelerometers collected step counts, motion index, lying time, lying bouts, and lying bout duration during d -4 through 13. Direct observations of cattle behavior were performed on d 0, 1, and 2. Step counts of DK calves were increased (P < 0.05) on d 0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, and 13, and motion index of DK calves was also increased (P < 0.05) on d 0, 3, 4, 9, 10, 11, and 13. Docked cattle performed rear foot stomp behavior more (P < 0.001) than CN on d 0, 1, and 2. Forty-eight hours after tail docking, DK calves had increased lying bouts per hour (1.7 vs. 0.9 on d 0; P < 0.001; 1.1 vs. 0.8 on d 1; P < 0.01) but reduced lying bout durations (12.6 vs. 47.1 min on d 0; P < 0.001; 22.6 vs. 44.7 min on d 1; P < 0.001). On d 0, DK calves twitched tails more (P < 0.05) and ruminated less (P < 0.001). Despite provision of perioperative and postoperative analgesia, we identified altered behavior in DK cattle that may reflect a compromised welfare state for tail-docked feedlot cattle. We recommend that alternative strategies to reduce tail tip injury be explored.

Verhaltensassoziierte und physiologische Indikatoren für Schmerz und Unwohlsein bei Kälbern nach Schwanzamputation

“…Eingriffe wie das Anlegen des Gummirings stellen kein zeitlich begrenztes Schmerz ereignis dar, da die Schmerzbelastung infolge der fortschreitenden Gewebeschädigung bestehen bleibt. Durch diese Überlagerungen sind Veränderungen der Kortisolkonzentration eher einem Belas tungszeitraum als einem exakten Zeitpunkt zuzuordnen [27] [4]. In der anderen Studie wurde zwar ein Gummiring verwendet, dieser aber weiter proximal als bei unse ren Probanden in einem Zwischenwirbelspalt 45 cm unterhalb der Vulva platziert [28].…”

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

“…Chronic pain assessment has not been investigated thoroughly in cattle, but castration and tail docking may be associated to the development of chronic pain ( Molony & Kent, 1997 ; Eicher et al, 2006 ). According to Kroll et al (2014) there is an increased risk for potential chronic pain development at the amputation site, which has not been evaluated thoroughly in cows from commercial dairy farms. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is usually performed in order to diagnose chronic pain conditions ( Cruz-Almeida & Fillingim, 2014 ).…”

Mechanical/thermal sensitivity and superficial temperature in the stump of long-term tail-docked dairy cows

“…Docking has been related with the presence of restless behavior, dorsal and lateral tail movements (Eicher & Dailey, 2002;Tom et al, 2002;Eicher et al, 2006). According to Kroll et al (2014) there is an increase risk for potential chronic pain development at the amputation site, which has not been evaluated thoroughly in cows from commercial dairy farms. The aims of this study were first to evaluate the response to mechanical and thermal stimulation, and second to determine the superficial temperature of the stump of tail-docked dairy cows.…”