Effects of surface and light conditions of fallen logs on the emergence and survival of coniferous seedlings and saplings

Iijima, Hayato; Shibuya, Masato; Saito, Hideyuki

doi:10.1007/s10310-007-0012-1

Cited by 25 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…(Yezo spruce) and Abies sachalinensis Masters (Todo fir) are two major coniferous species in the mixed forests of Hokkaido, northern Japan (Takahashi et al, 2000;Narukawa et al, 2003). Studies have revealed that survival of P. jezoensis and A. sachalinensis seedlings is affected significantly by fallen log conditions, which include the hardness of the log surface (Narukawa et al, 2003;Iijima et al, 2007), moss coverage and/or moss height (Takahashi et al, 2000;Iijima et al, 2007;Iijima & Shibuya, 2010), and light conditions (Iijima & Shibuya, 2010). A microsatellite analysis revealed that P. jezoensis predominantly outcrosses (Tomita et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in Picea jezoensis and Abies sachalinensis

Okada¹,

Kitamura²,

Lian³

et al. 2015

OJF

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Seedling establishment on fallen logs is a major regeneration system for tree species in boreal forests. Seedling survival on fallen logs is affected not only by the microsite environment but also by the genetic factors of individuals. To quantify the genetic effects on seedling longevity, we identified seedlings using a number tag system and collected needles of Picea jezoensis and Abies sachalinensis established on fallen logs in spring 2006. Survival or death of each seedling was investigated during 2006-2012. We genotyped seedlings with microsatellite markers and calculated individual-based multilocus heterozygosity (MLH) for each seedling. A Cox proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate the effects of MLH on seedling longevity of the two species considering the fallen log conditions. The model indicated that MLH positively affected seedling longevity in P. jezoensis, whereas the effects of MLH were not significant in A. sachalinensis. Here, we discuss differences in the effects of MLH on seedling longevity between the two species, considering species characteristics and MLH frequency distribution. Keywords

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in Picea jezoensis and Abies sachalinensis

Okada¹,

Kitamura²,

Lian³

et al. 2015

OJF

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“…The establishment of tree seedlings near ground level might be hindered by more competitive forest floor plants (Holeksa 2003). The previous studies explained the decrease in spruce seedling density in the most advanced stage of decay due to competition with mosses, herbs, and dwarf shrubs (Mori et al 2004;Zielonka and Piątek 2004;Iijima et al 2007). In our study, the establishment of fir was more successful than spruce on DC 5, but fir might also lose in competition with herbs.…”

Section: Effect Of Cwd Decay Stage On Seedling Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

European beech, silver fir, and Norway spruce differ in establishment, height growth, and mortality rates on coarse woody debris and forest floor—a study from a mixed beech forest in the Western Carpathians

Orman

Szewczyk

2015

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract& Key message In mixed forests, coarse woody debris promotes the successful establishment and growth of conifers and beech. In contrast to beech and fir, older spruce seedlings were only present on coarse woody debris and not on the forest floor. & Context Coarse woody debris (CWD) is considered a suitable seedbed for small-seeded and light-demanding species. Its role in enhancing tree regeneration is well reported in boreal or subalpine spruce forests. Less is known about its role in the establishment, growth, and survival of other species, particularly in mixed forests. & Aims We analyzed the role of CWD in seedling establishment, growth, and survival for European beech, silver fir, and Norway spruce. & Methods We tracked the growth and survival of all germinants and seedlings over 5 years. & Results Conifers were relatively more successful than beech at colonizing on CWD. The density of seedlings was variable in all CWD decay classes but was the highest on welldecomposed CWD. CWD supported the growth of all species. Beech cohorts and older seedlings had similar mortality rates on both microsites. Spruce germinants did not survive on the forest floor for more than a year, and older seedlings were only observed on CWD. Fir cohorts had similar mortality rates on both microsites, but older seedlings survived better on the forest floor. & Conclusion Although the three species differed in their preferred microsite for establishment, CWD can be considered a suitable regeneration microsite for all three species by enhancing their growth and, in the case of spruce, both short-and long-term survival.

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“…Recruitment limitation, intensive harvesting, and difficulty of planting have led to sharp decreases in the populations of P. jezoensis (Koshika 1995;Koshika and Seino 1996). Furthermore, P. jezoensis competes with Abies sachalinensis, which also regenerates on fallen logs in Hokkaido (Kubota et al 1994;Takahashi 1994;Iijima et al 2007). Therefore, suitable environmental conditions for P. jezoensis on fallen logs must be examined in relation to A. sachalinensis for the conservation and promotion of the natural regeneration of this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Bright conditions will enhance the survival and growth of seedlings on fallen logs (Iijima et al 2007). A thick covering of moss can shade small seedlings, which causes their mortality (Harmon and Franklin 1989;Iijima et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of suitable conditions for natural regeneration of Picea jezoensis on fallen logs

Iijima

Shibuya

2010

Journal of Forest Research

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The abundance of Picea jezoensis, a major conifer tree species in Hokkaido, northern Japan, is currently decreasing due to the lack of suitable conditions for recruitment and intensive harvests. To contribute to the development of sustainable forest management in Hokkaido, suitable substrates for natural regeneration of P. jezoensis were evaluated during a 4-year experimental study using seed additions in a natural coniferous forest. The environmental conditions (moss height, log hardness, extent of the humus layer, and light conditions) of fallen logs were measured. Moss height was categorized into three groups: 0 mm, Bark; 0 - 20 mm, Mthin; and ≥ 20 mm, Mthick. The germination rates of P. jezoensis were highest on Mthin, intermediate on Bark, and lowest on Mthick. Survival rates were low on Mthick, did not differ between Bark and Mthin, and increased with enhanced light. Growth increased with light, but the root allocation of seedlings was not affected by any environmental conditions. From these results, we determined that fallen logs with no or thin moss cover under bright conditions were most suitable for P. jezoensis regeneration. We discussed the generality of our results in relation to a co-occurring tree species in Hokkaido and the results of other regions

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Effects of surface and light conditions of fallen logs on the emergence and survival of coniferous seedlings and saplings

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in <i>Picea jezoensis</i> and <i>Abies sachalinensis</i>

The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in <i>Picea jezoensis</i> and <i>Abies sachalinensis</i>

European beech, silver fir, and Norway spruce differ in establishment, height growth, and mortality rates on coarse woody debris and forest floor—a study from a mixed beech forest in the Western Carpathians

Evaluation of suitable conditions for natural regeneration of Picea jezoensis on fallen logs

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Effects of surface and light conditions of fallen logs on the emergence and survival of coniferous seedlings and saplings

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in &lt;i&gt;Picea jezoensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Abies sachalinensis&lt;/i&gt;

The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in &lt;i&gt;Picea jezoensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Abies sachalinensis&lt;/i&gt;

European beech, silver fir, and Norway spruce differ in establishment, height growth, and mortality rates on coarse woody debris and forest floor—a study from a mixed beech forest in the Western Carpathians

Evaluation of suitable conditions for natural regeneration of Picea jezoensis on fallen logs

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The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in <i>Picea jezoensis</i> and <i>Abies sachalinensis</i>

The Effects of Multilocus Heterozygosity on the Longevity of Seedlings Established on Fallen Logs in <i>Picea jezoensis</i> and <i>Abies sachalinensis</i>