Effects of supplementing microalgae in laying hen diets on productive performance, fatty-acid profile, and oxidative stability of eggs

Ao, T.; Macalintal, L.M.; Paul, Mritunjoy; Pescatore, A. J.; Cantor, A. H.; Ford, Michael J.; Timmons, Brian W.; Dawson, K. A.

doi:10.3382/japr/pfv042

Cited by 59 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA, depending on the egg producer, was 43.30, 62.96 and 36.69. Samman et al 29 found that n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in conventional eggs was 11.03, in n-3 PUFA enriched eggs 2.17 30 found that by adding microalgae for 4 weeks at 1%, 2%, and 3%, DHA levels increased linearly from 1.08 mg g −1 to 2.58 mg g −1 or 4.26 mg g −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum as an alternative to fish oil in enriching table eggs with n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Kralik

Grčević

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND The research deals with the addition of microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum as an alternative to fish oil in a feed‐mixture for laying‐hens and its effect on the deposition of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3‐PUFAs) [α‐linoleic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] in the lipids of egg yolks. In the study, 240 Tetra SL laying hens housed in enriched cages were used, divided into six groups, each in five repetitions. Groups E1, E3 and E5 were given 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% microalgae and groups E2, E4 and E6 were given feed mixtures with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% fish oil. The mixtures were modified on the basis of 17% of the crude protein and 11.7 MJ ME kg‐1. RESULTS The results showed satisfactory disposal of n‐3 PUFA in egg yolks of laying‐hens fed mixtures with the addition of either fish oil or microalgae. Eggs of E1, E3 and E5 groups contained in 100 g: 321.07 mg, 361.60 mg and 399.34 mg n‐3 PUFA, respectively (P < 0.001). Eggs of E2, E4 and E6 groups contained in 100 g: 346.25 mg, 346.17 mg and 369.02 mg n‐3 PUFA, respectively (P < 0.001). By increasing the content of fish oil or microalgae in feed‐mixtures for laying hens, the ratio of n‐6/n‐3 PUFA in egg yolk lipids (P < 0.001) was decreased. CONCLUSION Our results justified the usage of the microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum in the enrichment of table eggs with n‐3 fatty acids as an alternative feed to fish oil. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ao et al . found that by adding microalgae for 4 weeks at 1%, 2%, and 3%, DHA levels increased linearly from 1.08 mg g −1 to 2.58 mg g −1 or 4.26 mg g −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum as an alternative to fish oil in enriching table eggs with n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Kralik

Grčević

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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“…The mixture powder of ruptured H. pluvialis biomass and astaxanthin extract, which was derived from the LNG-fired flue gas, successfully improved the immune system of poultry without exhibiting any side effects in this study. It has been previously reported that when the egg-laying hens uptake the microalgal biomass, omega-3 fatty acids (ALA, EPA, and DHA) as well as astaxanthin, they are not easily digested, but accumulate in the yolk of an egg laid by the poultry [54][55][56][57][58]. The recommended daily intake of astaxanthin is about 5 mg day −1 for human.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal-Based Carbon Sequestration by Converting LNG-Fired Waste CO2 into Red Gold Astaxanthin: The Potential Applicability

et al. 2019

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The combinatorial approach of anthropogenic activities and CO2 sequestration is becoming a global research trend to alleviate the average global temperature. Although microalgae have been widely used to capture CO2 from industrial flue gas, the application of bioproducts was limited to bioenergy due to the controversy over the quality and safety of the products in the food and feed industry. Herein, the waste CO2 emitted from large point sources was directly captured using astaxanthin-hyperproducing microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis. Astaxanthin production was successfully carried out using the hypochlorous acid water-based axenic culture process under highly contamination-prone outdoor conditions. Consequently, after 36 days of autotrophic induction, the productivity of biomass and astaxanthin of H. pluvialis (the mutant) reached 0.127 g L−1 day−1 and 5.47 mg L−1 day−1 under high summer temperatures, respectively, which was 38% and 48% higher than that of wild type cell. After grinding the wet astaxanthin-enriched biomass, the extract was successfully approved by compliance validation testing from Korea Food and Drug Administration. The assorted feed improved an immune system of the poultry without causing any side effects. The flue gas-based bioproducts could certainly be used for health functional food for animals in the future.

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“…Flax and canola products have been successfully used to increase the ALA content (Ceylan et al, 2011;Zotte et al, 2015). Oils derived from marine organisms such as algae and fish or their combinations are used to increase the EPA and DHA content (Ao et al, 2015;Kaewsutas et al, 2016). The purpose of our research was to enrich table eggs with n-3 PUFA using fish oil and the sea algae Schizochytrium limacinum (SL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding to Produce n-3 Fatty Acid-enriched Table Eggs

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to modify the feed mixtures of laying hens to enrich the consumer eggs with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA): α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). One hundred and twenty Tetra-SL laying hens used in the study were divided into three groups of 40 laying hens arranged in five repetitions: C, control with 5% soybean oil; E1, 0.5% fish oil + 0.5% microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum; and E2, 0.75% fish oil + 0.75% microalgae. The composition of the mixtures was balanced at the level of 17.5% raw protein and 11.81 MJ/kg metabolic energy (ME). Feed and water were provided ad libitum, and the experiment lasted for 21 days. In this study, the different physical and chemical properties of eggs, the fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation of fat in egg yolks were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the weight of the egg yolk and that of the shell depended on the feeding treatments (P = 0.014 and P < 0.001), and the weight of eggs and basic parts, as well as the thickness of the shell depended on the storage duration (P < 0.001). The storage time affected the pH of egg yolks and albumen and the reduction in Haugh units and albumen height (P < 0.001). Significant differences were observed in the content of ALA, DHA, Σn-3 PUFA (mg/100 g) and the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio between the C and E1/E2 egg groups (P < 0.001). The results of the study indicate that it is sufficient to use a lower level of fish oil and the microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum in hens' feed to achieve a satisfactory increase in n-3 PUFA in eggs, while maintaining optimal values of egg quality and freshness indicators.

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Effects of supplementing microalgae in laying hen diets on productive performance, fatty-acid profile, and oxidative stability of eggs

Cited by 59 publications

References 30 publications

Microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum as an alternative to fish oil in enriching table eggs with n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Microalgae Schizochytrium limacinum as an alternative to fish oil in enriching table eggs with n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Microalgal-Based Carbon Sequestration by Converting LNG-Fired Waste CO2 into Red Gold Astaxanthin: The Potential Applicability

Feeding to Produce n-3 Fatty Acid-enriched Table Eggs

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