Effects of supplementation with branched chain amino acids and ornithine aspartate on plasma ammonia and central fatigue during exercise in healthy men

Mikulski, Tomasz; Dąbrowski, Jan; Hilgier, Wojciech; Ziemba, Andrzej; Krzemiński, K

doi:10.5114/fn.2015.56552

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Notably, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study adopting a validated and reliable HIEC protocol [26] for these purposes. Indeed, other protocols have been used to determine similar end-points in the past [20,53], but it is worth noting that they had not been previously and specifically validated. The major finding of this study is that a single intake of FP is capable of attenuating RPE, and that its prolonged 9w consumption according to manufacturer's recommendations not only augments RPE-attenuating capacity, but also improves TTE and TRIMP, which both reflect the capacity to sustain training loads.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In light of these findings, researchers have turned their attention to the study and development of supplements containing BCAA alone or combined with specific substances (such as CHO), assessing the efficacy of their association [15,20]. Several recent investigations have shown BCAA supplementation to positively affect prolonged exercise under specific conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a commercially available branched-chain amino acid-alanine-carbohydrate-based sports supplement on perceived exertion and performance in high intensity endurance cycling tests

Gervasi

Sisti

Amatori

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background: Sports nutritional supplements containing branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) have been widely reported to improve psychological and biological aspects connected to central fatigue and performance in endurance exercise, although the topic is still open to debate. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the intake of a commercially available BCAA-based supplement, taken according to the manufacturer's recommendations, could affect the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and performance indexes at the beginning (1d) and end of a 9-week (9w) scheduled high intensity interval training program, with an experimental approach integrating the determination of psychometric, performance, metabolic and blood biochemical parameters. Methods: This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Thirty-two untrained, healthy young adults (20 males and 12 female) were enrolled. A high-intensity endurance cycling (HIEC) test was used to induce fatigue in the participants: HIEC consisted in ten 90 s sprints interspersed by ten 3 min recovery phases and followed by a final step time to exhaustion was used. In parallel with RPE, haematological values (creatine kinase, alanine, BCAA, tryptophan, ammonia and glucose levels), and performance indexes (maximal oxygen consumption-VO 2max , power associated with lactate thresholds-W LT1 , W LT2 and time to exhaustion-TTE) were assessed. All subject took the supplement (13.2 g of carbohydrates; 3.2 g of BCAA and 1.6 g of L-alanine per dose) or placebo before each test and training session. Dietary habits and training load were monitored during the entire training period. Results: The administration of the supplement (SU) at 1d reduced RPE by 9% during the recovery phase, as compared to the placebo (PL); at 9w the RPE scores were reduced by 13 and 21% during the sprint and recovery phase, respectively; at 9w, prolonged supplement intake also improved TTE and TRIMP. SU intake invariably promoted a rapid increase (within 1 h) of BCAA serum blood levels and prevented the post-HIEC tryptophan: BCAA ratio increase found in the PL group, at both 1d and 9w. There was no difference in dietary habits between groups and those habits did not change over time; no difference in glycemia was found between SU and PL. VO 2max , W LT1 and W LT2 values improved over time, but were unaffected by supplement intake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a commercially available branched-chain amino acid-alanine-carbohydrate-based sports supplement on perceived exertion and performance in high intensity endurance cycling tests

Gervasi

Sisti

Amatori

et al. 2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…34,52,53 Considering that ammonia is toxic and its buildup is detrimental to the activity of several organ systems, such as the CNS, 54,55 the hyperammonemia state, common in liver diseases, contributes to the development of hepatic encephalopathy and the worsening of clinical conditions. 56,57 In addition, in chronic hepatopathies, there is a reduction in the plasma 161 concentration of BCAA and an increase in the plasma concentration of the aromatic amino 162 acids (AAA) tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine. 58 This imbalance in BCAA/AAA ratio, also called Fischer's ratio, is associated with the development of hepatic encephalopathy and progression of liver diseases.…”

Section: Oxidation Of Bcaa By the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory role of branched-chain amino acids

et al. 2018

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Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been associated with immunomodulation since the mid-1970s and 1980s and have been used in the nutritional therapy of critically ill patients. Evidence shows that BCAAs can directly contribute to immune cell function, aiding recovery of an impaired immune system, as well as improving the nutritional status in cancer and liver diseases. Branched-chain amino acids may also play a role in treatment of patients with sepsis or trauma, contributing to improved clinical outcomes and survival. Branched-chain amino acids, especially leucine, are activators of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which, in turn, interacts with several signaling pathways involved in biological mechanisms of insulin action, protein synthesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. Although many in vitro and human and animal model studies have provided evidence for the biological activity of BCAAs, findings have been conflicting, and the mechanisms of action of these amino acids are still poorly understood. This review addresses several aspects related to BCAAs, including their transport, oxidation, and mechanisms of action, as well as their role in nutritional therapy and immunomodulation.

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“…One factor that may have supplanted the ergogenic effect of BCAA is the production of ammonia, a neurotoxic substance 19 derived from the metabolism of these amino acids. [20][21][22][23] This assumption may also explain the reduction in force during the pre-exercise MVC ISO in subjects supplemented with BCAA. Dong-Hee et al (2013) 22 showed a higher ammonia concentration at 40 min after the ingestion of a single dose of BCAA (80 mg.kg -1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Bcaa on Isometric Force Following Endurance Exercise in a Hot Environment

Moraes

Paulinelli-Júnior

Teixeira-Coelho

et al. 2019

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: Fatigue due to endurance exercise results from both peripheral and central changes, and may influence subsequent performance during a strength task. The increase in serotonin concentration is one of the central factors associated with endurance exercise-induced fatigue, particularly in hot environments. A nutritional strategy employed to reduce serotonergic activation is supplementation with branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Objective: To investigate whether BCAA supplementation attenuates the reduction in isometric force caused by prior endurance exercise in a hot environment. Methods: Nine volunteers (aged 25.4 ± 1.2 years) performed a 2-min maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVCISO) of upper limb muscles before and after an endurance exercise on a cycle ergometer at 40% of the maximal aerobic power. The volunteers underwent three experimental trials: 1) endurance exercise in a temperate environment (23°C and 60% RH); exercise in a hot environment (35°C and 60% RH) with the ingestion of: 2) a placebo solution or 3) a solution containing BCAA 30 mg.kg−1. During the MVCISO test, the isometric force of flexor muscles of the right elbow, core body temperature (TCORE) and heart rate (HR) were measured. Results: Isometric force decreased following endurance exercise in the hot environment, and BCAA administration did not attenuate this reduction. Greater TCORE and HR values were observed following endurance exercise in the heat, compared to pre-exercise values, and supplementation did not interfere with these physiological responses. Conclusion: The reduction in isometric force, caused by previous endurance exercise in a hot environment, was not diminished by supplementation with BCAA. Level of evidence I; Type of study: Therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment outcomes.

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Effects of supplementation with branched chain amino acids and ornithine aspartate on plasma ammonia and central fatigue during exercise in healthy men

Abstract: A b s t r a c t

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of a commercially available branched-chain amino acid-alanine-carbohydrate-based sports supplement on perceived exertion and performance in high intensity endurance cycling tests

Effects of a commercially available branched-chain amino acid-alanine-carbohydrate-based sports supplement on perceived exertion and performance in high intensity endurance cycling tests

Immunomodulatory role of branched-chain amino acids

The Effect of Bcaa on Isometric Force Following Endurance Exercise in a Hot Environment

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