Effects of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation on HIV patients

Akimbekov, Nuraly S.; Ortoski, Richard A.; Razzaque, Mohammed S.

doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105664

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…An appropriate balance of vitamins, micronutrients, and minerals, including vitamin D, is important for maintaining good health and controlling disease [2,9,17,18,63,65,66,[81][82][83]. Dysregulation of vitamin D induces infantile rickets and adult osteomalacia, and inadequate vitamin D has been linked to a higher risk of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, peripheral artery disease, certain cancers, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases [28,88].…”

Section: Interaction Between Vitamin D and The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview

Akimbekov

Digel

Sherelkhan

et al. 2020

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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There is a growing body of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on intestinal hostmicrobiome interactions related to gut dysbiosis and bowel inflammation. This brief review highlights the potential links between vitamin D and gut health, emphasizing the role of vitamin D in microbiological and immunological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using combinations of keywords "vitamin D," "intestines," "gut microflora," "bowel inflammation". Only articles published in English and related to the study topic are included in the review. We discuss how vitamin D (a) modulates intestinal microbiome function, (b) controls antimicrobial peptide expression, and (c) has a protective effect on epithelial barriers in the gut mucosa. Vitamin D and its nuclear receptor (VDR) regulate intestinal barrier integrity, and control innate and adaptive immunity in the gut. Metabolites from the gut microbiota may also regulate expression of VDR, while vitamin D may influence the gut microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects. The underlying mechanism of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of bowel diseases is not fully understood, but maintaining an optimal vitamin D status appears to be beneficial for gut health. Future studies will shed light on the molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D and VDR interactions affect intestinal mucosal immunity, pathogen invasion, symbiont colonization, and antimicrobial peptide expression.

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Section: Interaction Between Vitamin D and The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview

Akimbekov

Digel

Sherelkhan

et al. 2020

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…People diagnosed with HIV are vulnerable to VD insufficiency and deficiency. The supplementation acts against HIV disease progression by boosting the immune response [49]. In vitro findings suggest that the VD treatment may reduce HIV-1 transmission modulating levels and function of T cells, and the production of antiviral factors [50].…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Viral Infections, Including Influenza and Corona Virus Disease 2019, and Vitamin D: A Mini-Review

Čulić¹

2021

Vitamin D

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Recent research about the influence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency on the occurrence of viral infections suggests that children with VD deficiency have attenuated immune response. This, in turn, increases the severity of viral infections, especially those of the respiratory tract, that show a typical seasonality pattern during the winter months. Despite the immunization of children at the global level, outbreaks of influenza do frequently occur. Over the past months, we have witnessed that the explosive pandemic of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused significant mortality in some countries. Numerous studies have shown that VD deficiency is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and that it is potentially associated with the onset of viral infections. Persons with hypovitaminosis D and subsequent secondary immunodeficiencies ought to be identified and treated, while preventive supplementation of VD should be recommended to the general population to avoid VD deficiency during the winter. In this way, the burden of viral infections on population health and economy could be reduced. This paper also reviews the influence of VD on infections caused by hepatitis B and C viruses, human papillomavirus, Epstein–Barr virus, Human herpes virus 6, herpes simplex virus, and human immunodeficiency virus.

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“…This investigation revealed an association of multivitamins with improved iron status in infants, whereas zinc supplementation resulted in an increased risk of iron deficiency, though there was no association with increased risk of anemia in the long term. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is prevalent among HIV patients (132,133). An association between low concentrations of vitamin D and the progression of HIV disease and the immune system has been ascertained in various studies (134)(135)(136).…”

Section: Micronutrient Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in HIV-Infected Infants and Children: Current Knowledge, Existing Challenges, and New Dietary Management Opportunities

Fabusoro

Mejía

2021

Advances in Nutrition

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HIV infection and undernutrition remain significant public health concerns for infants and children. In infants and children under these conditions, undernutrition is one of the leading causes of death. Proper management of nutrition and related nutrition complications in these groups with increased nutrition needs are prominent challenges, particularly in HIV-prevalent poor-resource environments. Several studies support the complexity of the relation between HIV infection, nutrition, and the immune system. These elements interact and create a vicious circle of poor health outcomes. Recent studies on the use of probiotics as a novel approach to manage microbiome imbalance and gut-mucosal impairment in HIV infection are gaining attention. This new strategy could help to manage dysbiosis and gut-mucosal impairment by reducing immune activation, thereby potentially forestalling unwanted health outcomes in children with HIV. However, existing trials on HIV-infected children are still insufficient. There are also conflicting reports on the dosage and effectiveness of single or multiple micronutrient supplementation in the survival of HIV-infected children with severe acute malnutrition. The WHO has published guidelines that include time of initiation of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-pregnant mothers and their HIV-exposed or HIV-infected children, micronutrient supplementation, dietary formulations, prevention, and management of HIV therapy. However, such guidelines need to be reviewed owing to recent advances in the field of nutrition. There is a need for new intervention studies, practical strategies, and evidence-based guidelines to reduce the disease burden, improve adherence to treatment regimen, and enhance the nutrition, health, and well-being of HIV-infected infants and children. This review provides up-to-date scientific information on current knowledge and existing challenges for nutrition therapy in HIV-infected infants and children. Moreover, it presents new research findings that could be incorporated into current guidelines.

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Effects of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation on HIV patients

Cited by 24 publications

References 91 publications

Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview

Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview

Viral Infections, Including Influenza and Corona Virus Disease 2019, and Vitamin D: A Mini-Review

Nutrition in HIV-Infected Infants and Children: Current Knowledge, Existing Challenges, and New Dietary Management Opportunities

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