Effects of Sudden and Dramatic Events on Travel Desire and Risk Judgments

A Taxonomy of Terror - About the Effect of Different Kinds of Terror on Risk Perceptions

“…Future research could look at the ecological validity of the present findings. Still, results of field studies reported by Larsen et al (2011), andBrun et al (2011) do seem to support the ecological validity of the current investigation.…”

“…However, in countries where terrorism is organized but relatively infrequent, increased risk perceptions and worry after a terror attack are to be expected. As discussed above, this is what Larsen et al (2011) and Brun et al (2011) reported after the terror attacks in Madrid andLondon in 2004 and2005. The most recent events with such characteristics (that is infrequent but organized terrorism) are the terror attack at Charlie Hebdo in Paris in January 2015 and the multiple and highly organized attacks in Paris in November 2015. The fact that the public's response to these attacks was so enormous while terrorism affecting far more people in other parts of the world receives relatively less attention might not only be explained by the fact that they happened in the heart of Europe.…”

“…In doing so, these investigations avoid a large number of problems that are associated with employing after-measures only, like, for example, hind sight bias, faulty memories and perceptions skewed by expectations. Larsen, Brun, Øgaard, and Selstad (2011) investigated the effect of the train bombings in Madrid in 2004 and the effect of the bomb attacks on London's public transport system in 2005. They found that participants' general desire to travel and risk judgements for other destinations remained unchanged.…”

Tourist Worries after Terrorist Attacks: Report from a Field Experiment

“…As reported by Larsen et al (2011, this issue) many respondents saw the world more dangerous after the attacks than before the attacks with mean ratings increasing significantly from 4.60 to 5.40. Popular tourist destinations were also seen as significantly more dangerous, with a mean score of 4.04 at Time 1 as against 4.91 at Time 2 measurement.…”

Are East Asian tourists more apprehensive about food risks?

“…In addition to demographic background information (gender, age, nationality), respondents answered questions concerning travel risk (Larsen et al, 2011), tourist related worry (Larsen et al, 2009), and subjective food risks (Larsen et al, 2007). The original (English) questionnaire was translated into these various languages by colleagues at the Beijing Union University, using language experts and native speakers.…”