Effects of subtle change in side chains on the photovoltaic performance of small molecular donors for solar cells

Gao, Xiang; Yu, Kuibao; Zhao, Yuemin; Zhang, Tao; Wen, Jing; Liu, Zhihao; Ye, Guofeng; Gao, Jianhong; Ge, Ziyi

doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.055

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This affected its optical properties, and the PCE of the BDT (T) (6.5%) and BDT (S) (4.7%) was significantly higher than that of the BDT (F) (3.0%). Intemann [81] et al used selenophene to replace thiophene in the core, and then copolymerized with 4,7-dibromo-5,6difluoro- [1][2][3] benzothiadiazole to obtain a new polymer, PIDSe-DFBT. Compared with the original PIDT-DFBT (1.88 eV), the optical gap of PIDSe-DFBT (1.80 eV) was smaller.…”

Section: Polymer Donor With Selenophene As Side Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solar cells have always been a research hotspot, but also a technical problem, which also makes them the focus of attention all over the world. Since American scientists Kearns and Calvin first prepared organic photovoltaic devices with a metal/polymer/metal single-layer device structure in 1958 [2], the various properties of organic solar cells (OSCs) [3] have been greatly improved under the hard research of many scientists. Compared with the production of inorganic solar cells, OSCs have the advantages of a low production cost, light weight, strong design-ability of the organic molecular structure, and easy production processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Selenophene-Based Materials for Organic Solar Cells

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2022

Materials

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Due to the low cost, light weight, semitransparency, good flexibility, and large manufacturing area of organic solar cells (OSCs), OSCs have the opportunity to become the next generation of solar cells in some specific applications. So far, the efficiency of the OSC device has been improved by more than 20%. The optical band gap between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level is an important factor affecting the performance of the device. Selenophene, a derivative of aromatic pentacyclic thiophene, is easy to polarize, its LUMO energy level is very low, and hence the optical band gap can be reduced. In addition, the selenium atoms in selenophene and other oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms can form an intermolecular interaction, so as to improve the stacking order of the active layer blend film and improve the carrier transport efficiency. This paper introduces the organic solar active layer materials containing selenium benzene in recent years, which can be simply divided into donor materials and acceptor materials. Replacing sulfur atoms with selenium atoms in these materials can effectively reduce the corresponding optical band gap of materials, improve the mutual solubility of donor recipient materials, and ultimately improve the device efficiency. Therefore, the sulfur in thiophene can be completely replaced by selenium or oxygen of the same family, which can be used in the active layer materials of organic solar cells. This article mainly describes the application of selenium instead of sulfur in OSCs.

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Section: Polymer Donor With Selenophene As Side Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Selenophene-Based Materials for Organic Solar Cells

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…Organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted considerable attention because of their potential applications in portable electronics, integrated photovoltaic, and the Internet of things [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Over the past few years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of OSCs rapidly increased because of the development of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) [7][8][9][10][11] and new donor materials [12][13][14][15][16], which demonstrates the potential of OSCs in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient perylene-diimides-based nonfullerene acceptors with triazine cores synthesized via a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction

et al. 2023

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Noble-metal catalyst is widely-used to synthesize high-efficiency photovoltaic materials. However, expensive catalysts are difficult to remove and the residual catalysts have deleterious effects on photovoltaic performance. In this study, novel efficient non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are synthesized via simple nucleophilic substitution without any noble-metal catalyst. An impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.91% is obtained using a single triazine-cored NFA, called NAQ-3. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest PCE for NFAs synthesized via simple nucleophilic substitution or noble-metal-free reactions. Moreover, a delicate four-armed NFA with a bitriazine core, called NAQ-4, is synthesized as an extension example of this synthesis method. Furthermore, the absorption spectra and energy levels of NAQ-3 and NAQ-4 are compared, and the photovoltaic performance, dissociation process and underlying recombination mechanisms of NAQ-3-and NAQ-4-based organic solar cells are analyzed to determine the structure-performance relationship. The results indicate a successful example of high-performance NFAs synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reactions.

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“…Organic solar cells (OSCs), which could be fabricated via solution processing, hold promise as a low-cost and renewable thienyl groups in benzodithiophene (BDT) units could effectively decrease the energy levels and increase the crystallinity of PTB7-Th [44] and other BDT-containing polymers. [45][46][47][48][49] However, there are few studies on the photovoltaic performance of the blend of chlorinated PTB7-Th, named as PDX, and PDI-based NFAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be attributed to that the chlorine atoms decreased the electron‐donating ability of the BDT moiety. [ 48,59 ] The optical bandgap of the PDX polymer film calculated from the film absorption edge is 1.66 eV, which is a little larger than that of its nonchlorinate analogous, PTB7‐Th (1.62 eV). It's worthy to mention that the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of PDX film is smaller than that of PTB7‐Th and the absorption edge of PDX:Ph(PDI) 3 blend film is steeper than that of PTB7‐Th‐based film as shown in Figure 1d, which implies a smaller Urbach energy, thus beneficial for smaller energy loss and better photovoltaic performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorinated Narrow Bandgap Polymer Suppresses Non‐Radiative Recombination Energy Loss Enabling Perylene Diimides‐Based Organic Solar Cells Exceeding 10% Efficiency

Gao

Tong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Small

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sunlight-to-energy harvesting technology. During the last decade, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) soared [1][2][3] because the rapid progress of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), [4][5][6][7][8] typically the ring-fused electron acceptors, [9][10][11] and matched donor polymers. [12][13][14] Among different types of NFAs, perylene diimides (PDI)-based NFAs has been extensively investigated because of its good electron transport ability, strong absorption in visible range and robust structure. [15][16][17][18][19] Compared with other wide-bandgap NFAs, PDI has simple structure, and is easy to synthesize, and can modify its own photoelectric properties via simple chemical variation. PDI oligomers with three-dimensional geometry are constructed via functionalization at bay positions (1,6,7,12-positions), [20,21] ortho positions (2,5,8,11-positions) [22,23] or imide positions [24][25][26] to decrease the domain size, thus forming smooth and nano-scale interpenetrating network in the active layer. Then strategies of hetero-atom annulation, [27][28][29] ring-fusion, [30][31][32] intramolecular orientation of PDI moieties [31,33] and molecular lock [34][35][36] have been developed to release the steric hindrance between the core unit and the PDI moiety which would twist the PDI planar unit and is detrimental for intermolecular π−π stacking and thus electron transport ability. [23,37] As a result, the PCE of PDI-based NFAs has exceeded 11%. [35,38] Compared with the prosperity in the development of PDIbased NFAs, the development of matched narrow bandgap donor polymers with appropriated energy levels and complementary absorption spectrum is overlooked although it is equivalently important to boost the PCE value. [35,39,40] All the PDIbased OSCs with PCE value above 10% used P3TEA [31,38] or its derivative PTTEA [34][35][36] as the donor materials. The carboxylate groups in P3TEA could down-shift the energy levels, enhance the crystallinity of the donor polymers and introduce larger and purer domains. [41,42] This design strategy might shed light on modifying the star narrow bandgap donor polymer PTB7-Th. [43] It has been reported that chlorinated on the conjugated The scarcity of narrow bandgap donor polymers matched with perylene diimides (PDI)-based nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) hinders improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) value of organic solar cells (OSCs).Here, it is reported that a narrow bandgap donor polymer PDX, the chlorinated derivative of the famous polymer donor PTB7-Th, blended with PDI-based NFA boosts the PCE value exceeding 10%. The electroluminescent quantum efficiency of PDX-based OSCs is two orders of magnitude higher than that of PTB7-Th-based OSCs;therefore, the nonradiative energy loss is 0.103 eV lower. This is the highest PCE value for OSCs with the lowest energy loss using the blend of PTB7-Th derivatives and PDI-based NFAs as the active layer. Besides, PDX-based devices showed larger phase separation, faster charge mobilities, higher exciton dissociation probability, suppress...

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Effects of subtle change in side chains on the photovoltaic performance of small molecular donors for solar cells

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Recent Advances in Selenophene-Based Materials for Organic Solar Cells

Recent Advances in Selenophene-Based Materials for Organic Solar Cells

Efficient perylene-diimides-based nonfullerene acceptors with triazine cores synthesized via a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction

Chlorinated Narrow Bandgap Polymer Suppresses Non‐Radiative Recombination Energy Loss Enabling Perylene Diimides‐Based Organic Solar Cells Exceeding 10% Efficiency

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