“…Furthermore, lesions of the caudate nucleus impair the acquisition of several operant tasks, the learning of which is typically unaffected by hippocampal lesions (see O'Keefe and Nadel, 1978). These include various avoidance tasks (Neil1 and Crossman, 197 1;Mitcham and Thomas, 1972;Allen and Davison, 1973;Kirby and Polgar, 1974;Winocur, 1974;Prado-Acala et al, 1975), brightness discrimination (Schwartzbaum and Donovick, 1968), cued Morris water maze performance (Whishaw and Kolb, 1984;Whishaw et al, 1985), and visual/olfactory conditioned emotional responses (Viaud and White, 1989).…”