Effects of subchronic exposure to 2,6‐dinitrotoluene in the northern bobwhite (<i>Colinus Virginianus</i>)

Quinn, Michael J.; Bazar, Matthew A.; McFarland, Craig A.; Perkins, Edward J.; Gust, Kurt A.; Gogal, Robert M.; Johnson, Mark S.

doi:10.1897/07-123r.1

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Additionally, recent observations of PPARα antagonism by nitrotoluenes have demonstrated dose-response relationships for PPARα nuclear signaling inhibition in human in vitro investigations which corresponded with dose-responsive decreases in transcriptional expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism pathways . These results corresponded with a dose-responsive relationship where increasing nitrotoluene dose caused decreased muscle mass, decreased body weight and increased emaciation in chronic dosing studies (Quinn et al 2007).…”

Section: Concordance Of Dose-response Relationshipssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…PPARα knockout resulted in important organism-level responses including quicker onset of exhaustion compared to wild type mice in exercise trials where PPARα-K/Os exhibited hypoketonemia . Additionally, animals exposed to pollutants (nitrotoluenes) that act as partial PPARα antagonists had decreased exercise endurance , showed body weight loss , Quinn et al 2007 and displayed loss of muscle mass (Quinn et al 2007).…”

Section: │ 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle protein catabolism derives amino acids that are recycled to glucose via renal gluconeogenesis ). Catabolism of muscle protein occurs prior to body weight loss (Quinn et al 2007).…”

Section: Temporal Concordance Among the Key Events And Adverse Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse Outcome Pathway on antagonist binding to PPARα leading to body-weight loss

Gust

Wilbanks

Collier

et al. 2019

OECD Series on Adverse Outcome Pathways

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This Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) on Antagonist binding to PPARα leading to bodyweight loss, has been developed under the auspices of the OECD AOP Development Programme, overseen by the Extended Advisory Group on Molecular Screening and Toxicogenomics (EAGMST), which is an advisory group under the Working Group of the National Coordinators for the Test Guidelines Programme (WNT). The AOP has been reviewed internally by the EAGMST, externally by experts nominated by the WNT, and has been endorsed by the WNT and the Working Party on Hazard Assessment (WPHA) in May 2019. Through endorsement of this AOP, the WNT and the WPHA express confidence in the scientific review process that the AOP has undergone and accept the recommendation of the EAGMST that the AOP be disseminated publicly. Endorsement does not necessarily indicate that the AOP is now considered a tool for direct regulatory application. The Joint Meeting of the Chemicals Committee and the Working Party on Chemicals, Pesticides and Biotechnology agreed to declassification of this AOP on 26 June 2019. This document is being published under the responsibility of the Joint Meeting of the Chemicals Committee and the Working Party on Chemicals, Pesticides and Biotechnology. The outcome of the internal and external reviews are publicly available respectively in the AOP Wiki and the eAOP Portal of the AOP Knowledge Base at the following links: [internal review] [external review].

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Section: Concordance Of Dose-response Relationshipssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: │ 15mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adverse Outcome Pathway on antagonist binding to PPARα leading to body-weight loss

Gust

Wilbanks

Collier

et al. 2019

OECD Series on Adverse Outcome Pathways

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“…Uric acid is the primary catabolic end product of protein, nonprotein nitrogen, and purine metabolism in birds, representing much of the total nitrogen excreted by the kidneys. Hyperuricemia is indicated by UA values greater than 15 mg/dl in birds and may be associated with renal disturbances ( [38,39]; http: www.ivis.org/ proceedings/ACVP/2004/campbell/IVIS.pdf) as reported in several contaminant exposure studies with mallards and bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) [40,41]. Mean plasma UA levels as high as 23 to 27 mg/dl for snowy egrets and night-herons were related to plasma Hg.…”

Section: Renal Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress response of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) to mercury and selenium bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, and brain

Hoffman

Eagles‐Smith

Ackerman

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Bioindicators of oxidative stress were examined in prebreeding and breeding adult and chick Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and in prebreeding adult Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) in San Francisco Bay, California. Highest total mercury (THg) concentrations (mean ± standard error; µg/g dry wt) in liver (17.7 ± 1.7), kidney (20.5 ± 1.9), and brain (3.0 ± 0.3) occurred in breeding adult Forster's terns. The THg concentrations in liver were significantly correlated with hepatic depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH), increased oxidized glutathione (GSSG):GSH ratio, and decreased hepatic gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity in adults of both tern species. Prefledging Forster's tern chicks with one-fourth the hepatic THg concentration of breeding adults exhibited effects similar to adults. Total mercury-related renal GSSG increased in adults and chicks. In brains of prebreeding adults, THg was correlated with a small increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) activity, suggestive of a compensatory response. Brain THg concentrations were highest in breeding adult Forster's terns and brain tissue exhibited increased lipid peroxidation as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, loss of protein bound thiols (PBSH), and decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, GSSG reductase (GSSGrd), and G-6-PDH. In brains of Forster's tern chicks there was a decrease in total reduced thiols and PBSH. Multiple indicator responses also pointed to greater oxidative stress in breeding Forster's terns relative to prebreeding terns, attributable to the physiological stress of reproduction. Some biondicators also were related to age and species, including thiol concentrations. Enzymes GGT, G-6-PDH, and GSSGred activities were related to species. Our results indicate that THg concentrations induced oxidative stress in terns, and suggest that histopathological, immunological, and behavioral effects may occur in terns as reported in other species.

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“…Advancing our knowledge in the potential hazards of 2,6-DNT to avian species is important to insure the protection of these wild populations. The utility of Northern bobwhite in various ecological [1], experimental [2] and regulatory [3] scenarios has gained recognition for the species as an excellent experimental avian wildlife model. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quail Genomics: a knowledgebase for Northern bobwhite

et al. 2010

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BackgroundThe Quail Genomics knowledgebase (http://www.quailgenomics.info) has been initiated to share and develop functional genomic data for Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). This web-based platform has been designed to allow researchers to perform analysis and curate genomic information for this non-model species that has little supporting information in GenBank.DescriptionA multi-tissue, normalized cDNA library generated for Northern bobwhite was sequenced using 454 Life Sciences next generation sequencing. The Quail Genomics knowledgebase represents the 478,142 raw ESTs generated from the sequencing effort in addition to assembled nucleotide and protein sequences including 21,980 unigenes annotated with meta-data. A normalized MySQL relational database was established to provide comprehensive search parameters where meta-data can be retrieved using functional and structural information annotation such as gene name, pathways and protein domain. Additionally, blast hit cutoff levels and microarray expression data are available for batch searches. A Gene Ontology (GO) browser from Amigo is locally hosted providing 8,825 unigenes that are putative orthologs to chicken genes. In an effort to address over abundance of Northern bobwhite unigenes (71,384) caused by non-overlapping contigs and singletons, we have built a pipeline that generates scaffolds/supercontigs by aligning partial sequence fragments against the indexed protein database of chicken to build longer sequences that can be visualized in a web browser. ConclusionOur effort provides a central repository for storage and a platform for functional interrogation of the Northern bobwhite sequences providing comprehensive GO annotations, meta-data and a scaffold building pipeline. The Quail Genomics knowledgebase will be integrated with Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix) data in future builds and incorporate a broader platform for these avian species.

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Effects of subchronic exposure to 2,6‐dinitrotoluene in the northern bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus)

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Adverse Outcome Pathway on antagonist binding to PPARα leading to body-weight loss

Adverse Outcome Pathway on antagonist binding to PPARα leading to body-weight loss

Oxidative stress response of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) to mercury and selenium bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, and brain

Quail Genomics: a knowledgebase for Northern bobwhite

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