Effects of stretching exercise during strength training in prepubertal, pubertal and adolescent boys

Zakas, Athanasios; Galazoulas, Christos; Grammatikopoulou, Maria G.; Vergou, Aikaterini

doi:10.1054/jbmt.2001.0275

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the contrary, running speed was not affected when dynamic stretching was preceded, independently of the duration (20,40 or 60 sec). Our results agree with studies performed long duration programs with static or dynamic or active method [15][16][17][18][19] . Flexibility of the joints is improved as the muscle lengthens statically or dynamically.…”

Section: © C I C E D I Z I O N I I N T E R N a Z I O N A L Isupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute effects of stretching duration on sprint performance of adolescent football players

Ιατρίδου¹,

Dionyssiotis

Papathanasiou

et al. 2019

Muscle Ligaments and Tendons J

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Introduction: Athletic performance is the result of the interaction of various factors. The flexibility of the joints plays an important role in athletic performance. The effect of static and dynamic stretching on physical performance has been studied, but with no mention to variable duration. This study aims to examine the effect of duration of acute static and dynamic stretching on sprint performance, in terms of speed and flexibility. Methods: Seventeen football players (mean age 15.9±0.8 years) participated in the study. All performed three static stretching protocols and three dynamic stretching protocols with variant duration, in six different training days with random order. The static and dynamic stretching protocols, lasting 20 seconds each, were performed in three different sets of repetition: 1x20 sec (volume 20 s), 2x20 sec (volume 40 s) and 3x20 sec (volume 60 s). Range of motion was determined during hip flexion, extension and abduction, knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion using a goniometer. Five pairs of photocells at various distances (0 m, 5 m, 10 m, 20 m and 30 m) were used for speed evaluation. Results: Sprint performance remained unchanged at the whole distance of 30 m after dynamic stretching for 20, 40 and 60 s. Static stretching for 40 and 60 s the sprint performance decreased (p<0.05), while it remained unchanged for the first 20 meters (m) and decreased in the last 10 m, when the stretching duration was 20 s. Independently from duration static and dynamic stretching increased joint flexibility. Conclusion: The findings indicate that dynamic stretching does not influence sprint performance, independently of the duration (20-60 s). However, static stretching performed for more than 20 s (40-60 s) seems to decrease sprint speed. Both static and dynamic stretching improves joint flexibility, in a way irrelevant to duration. Level of evidence: IIa.

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Section: © C I C E D I Z I O N I I N T E R N a Z I O N A L Isupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute effects of stretching duration on sprint performance of adolescent football players

Ιατρίδου¹,

Dionyssiotis

Papathanasiou

et al. 2019

Muscle Ligaments and Tendons J

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“…Therefore, various stretching techniques are used in clinical practice to increase hamstring flexibility [13]–[20]. One of them is post-isometric relaxation (PIR) [21], [22], a muscle energy technique (MET) which refers to reduced muscle tonus experienced in a brief period following its isometric contraction [21], [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comparison of the Effects of Three Physiotherapy Techniques on Hamstring Flexibility in Children: A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind Study

et al. 2013

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The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in hamstring flexibility in 120 asymptomatic children who participated in a 6-week program consisting of one physiotherapy session per week and daily home exercises. The recruitment criteria included age (10–13 years), no pain, injury or musculoskeletal disorder throughout the previous year, physical activity limited to school sport. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: (1) post-isometric relaxation – PIR (n = 40), (2) static stretch combined with stabilizing exercises – SS (n = 40) and (3) stabilizing exercises – SE (n = 40). Hamstring flexibility was assessed with straight leg raise (SLR), popliteal angle (PA) and finger-to-floor (FTF) tests. The examinations were conducted by blinded observers twice, prior to the program and a week after the last session with the physiotherapist. Twenty-six children who did not participate in all six exercise sessions with physiotherapists were excluded from the analysis. The results obtained by 94 children were analyzed (PIR, n = 32; SS, n = 31; SE, n = 31). In the PIR and SS groups, a significant (P<0.01) increase in SLR, PA, FTF results was observed. In the SE group, a significant (P<0.001) increase was observed in the SLR but not in the PA and FTF (P>0.05). SLR result in the PIR and SS groups was significantly (P<0.001) higher than in the SE group. As far as PA results are concerned, a significant difference was observed only between the SS and SE groups (P = 0.014). There were no significant (P = 0.15) differences regarding FTF results between the three groups. Post-isometric muscle relaxation and static stretch with stabilizing exercises led to a similar increase in hamstring flexibility and trunk forward bend in healthy 10–13-year-old children. The exercises limited to straightening gluteus maximus improved the SLR result, but did not change the PA and FTF results.

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“…The present results are consistent with similar surveys implemented on stretching exercises of various durations. (Zakas et al 2002, Fredrick & Szymanski 2001, Hedrick 2000, Madding, Wong, Hallum, et al 1987.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

JPES

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of static stretching duration on isokinetic peak torque output at low and high angular velocities in basketball players. Sixteen basketball players, aged 21.8 ± 1.2 years old, of the same training level, participated in the study. The athletes performed randomly, on different days, two static stretching protocols with a total duration of 15 s (3 x 5΄΄) and 2.5 min (30 x 5΄΄) each. Range of motion (ROM) was determined by knee and hip flexion with the use of a goniometer. The isokinetic dynamometer Cybex Norm was used to evaluate the peak torque of the knee extensors and flexors of the dominant leg of each participant at 3 angular velocities (30, 180, 240 o. s-1). The results showed a positive effect of joint mobility during knee and hip flexing after applying both stretching protocols. Furthermore, a negative effect was observed on the torque output of both knee extensors (p < .00) and flexors (p = <.00) only when the 2.5 min static stretching exercises were applied. The findings suggest that long-duration static stretching decreases the torque production of knee muscles. Thus, strength and conditioning professionals should consider applying shorter-duration static stretching protocols to avoid any torque reduction.

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Effects of stretching exercise during strength training in prepubertal, pubertal and adolescent boys

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Acute effects of stretching duration on sprint performance of adolescent football players

Acute effects of stretching duration on sprint performance of adolescent football players

The Comparison of the Effects of Three Physiotherapy Techniques on Hamstring Flexibility in Children: A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind Study

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