Effects of stress on reproductive functions in the horse

Aurich, Christine; Aurich, Jörg

doi:10.21836/pem20080121

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…1997; Berghold et al. 2007; Aurich and Aurich 2008). Under domestic conditions, horses are exposed to a variety of stressors among those exercise, transportation, environmental changes or social stress (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This indicates a direct effect of corticosteroids on the testes. Subfertility is suggested to be caused by various forms of stress, but controlled studies on effects of stress on fertility in the horse are rare (Lange et al 1997;Berghold et al 2007;Aurich and Aurich 2008). Under domestic conditions, horses are exposed to a variety of stressors among those exercise, transportation, environmental changes or social stress (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene Expression of ACTH, Glucocorticoid Receptors, 11βHSD Enzymes, LH‐, FSH‐, GH Receptors and Aromatase in Equine Epididymal and Testicular Tissue

Herrera-Luna¹,

Budik²,

Aurich³

2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Glucocorticoids (GCs) are important mediators of the stress response and have been implicated in the function and regulation of testicular functions in different species. In many tissues, intracellular glucocorticoid activity is controlled by either or both of the two known isoforms of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) type 1 and 2, which interconvert active and inactive GCs. Little is known about the effects of stress on fertility in the equine species. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the expression of receptors for GCs and adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH, melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R)] as well 11βHSD1 and 11βHSD2 in male equine epididymal and testicular tissue. In addition, expression of aromatase P-450 and receptors for luteinizing hormone (LHR), follicle stimulating hormone (FSHR) and growth hormone (GHR) was studied. Reverse transcriptase PCR and quantitative real-time PCR were performed in tissue from the epididymis (caput and cauda) and testes collected from nine healthy mature stallions (age 4-10 years). mRNA for ACTH and GC receptors as well as 11βHSD1 and -2 were found in epididymal and testicular tissue. Expression of the genes studied was always positive in testicular tissue, while it was inconsistent in epididymal tissue. Quantitative gene expression in relation to β-actin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was significantly correlated (R = 0.403, p < 0.001). Quantitative PCR in relation to β-actin revealed significant differences in the gene expression of 11βHSD1, 11βHSD2, LHR, FSHR, MC2R and aromatase between tissue collected from caput epididymidis, cauda epididymidis and testicular parenchyma (p < 0.05). With GAPDH, differences between tissues were significant for 11βHSD1, 11βHSD2 and MC2R (p < 0.05) In addition, high concentrations of mRNA of aromatase and receptors of LH and FSH were found in testicular tissue, while a pronounced expression of GH receptor was present in epididymal tissue. The results support the hypothesis of an interaction between the pituitary-adrenal axis and testicular function in the stallion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression of ACTH, Glucocorticoid Receptors, 11βHSD Enzymes, LH‐, FSH‐, GH Receptors and Aromatase in Equine Epididymal and Testicular Tissue

Herrera-Luna¹,

Budik²,

Aurich³

2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Since glucocorticoids play a modulating role in inflammatory processes [ 25 , 26 ] and accompany to the development of multiple follicular waves and ovulation during estrous it is possible to presume that CORT could be related with the ovulatory peak in mares [ 27 ]. Ovulation is triggered by the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, which initiates a cascade of events in granulosa cells (GCs) initiating luteinization, signaling the egg to commence meiotic maturation, and leading to rupture of the follicle wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine and Electrolyte Balances during Periovulatory Period in Cycling Mares

Satué

Fazio

Muñoz

et al. 2021

Animals

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In cycling females, the periovulatory period is characterized by stimulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. The aim of present study was to analyze the pattern and interrelationships among adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol (CORT), aldosterone (ALD) and electrolytes (sodium—Na+, potassium—K+ and chloride—Cl−) during periovulatory period in cycling mares. Venous blood samples were obtained daily from a total of 23 Purebred Spanish broodmares, aged 7.09 ± 2.5 years, from day −5 to day +5 of estrous cycle, considering day 0, the day of ovulation. Plasma ACTH was measured by a fluorescent immunoassay kit, serum CORT and ALD by means of a competitive ELISA immunoassay, and plasma Na+, K+ and Cl− were quantified by an analyzer with selective electrodes for the three ions. ACTH showed higher concentrations at day 0 compared to days −5 to −1 and +1 to +3 (p < 0.05). CORT showed higher concentrations at day 0 compared to days −5 to −2 and +1 to +5 (p < 0.05). ALD showed higher concentrations at day 0 compared to days −5 to −2 (p < 0.05) and +2 (p < 0.05). Na+ and Cl− showed higher concentrations at day 0, compared to day −5 and +5. K+ showed lower concentrations at day 0 compared to day +1 (p < 0.05). The significant correlations obtained between ACTH and CORT (r = 0.20) and between ACTH and ALD (r = 0.32) suggest that although ACTH may have an effect both on CORT and ALD, there are other very important determinants that could be considered. Hence, it is possible to presume that the pituitary adrenocortical response and ALD may be involved in the ovulatory mechanisms without a direct relation with electrolyte pattern.

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“…Cobalamin and butafosfan diminish the negative effects of glucocorticoids on spermatogenesis and sperm maturation (AURICH; AURICH, 2008;DENIZ et al, 2009). Both cobalamin and phosphorus participate in the function of enzymes that modulate the intracellular concentrations of glucocorticoids, maintaining a balance between the active and inactive forms, cortisone and cortisol respectively (GE et al, 2005;SHARP;WITTS, 1962).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of intramuscular injection of butafosfan and cobalamin on the quality of Fresh and Cooled Stallion Semen

et al. 2015

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The use of butafosfan in combination with cobalamin modulates many cellular metabolic functions in several species. Its use enhances productive and reproductive performance and reduces stress responses in animals. Despite all these attributes, so far there have been no controlled studies to evaluate the effects of butafosfan and cobalamin on the quality of stallion semen. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the action of butafosfan in combination with cobalamin on the quality of fresh and cooled stallion semen. Four healthy stallions were kept in the same place and under the same management conditions during the entire experiment. Stallions were randomly assigned to two treatment groups in a 2x2 crossover design. Group A stallions were treated with an intramuscular injection of butafosfan twice a week for 80 days, while group B did not receive any treatment. After that, both groups were not treated for another 80 days allowing a washout period for the treated group. Then, the groups were reversed, and group B was treated with butafosfan and group A acted as the control for another 80 days. Semen was collected twice a week, diluted in skim milk and evaluated for total sperm count, total and progressive sperm motility, membrane integrity (CFDA/PI staining) and membrane functionality (HOS test) at 0 and 24 hours after preservation at 5ºC. Data were analyzed by comparing the values obtained from the treated stallions between the 60 th and 84 th days of treatment and the values obtained from the same stallion during the control period. The ejaculates of the washout period and between days 1 and 63 of treatment were not considered. A total of 85 ejaculates were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% level of significance. No significant differences were observed in fresh and cooled semen regarding the total sperm count, total motility, progressive motility, membrane integrity and membrane functionality in the treated and control groups respectively. No interactions were detected in the fresh and cooled semen. The use of butafosfan and cobalamin in the stallions did not affect the seminal quality of young and fertile stallions. It can be used routinely and safely in these stallions. However, contrary to observations in humans and in bulls, the use of cobalamin did not improve semen parameters in these stallions. ResumoA utilização de Butafosfan em combinação com cobalamina modula uma série de funções metabólicas celulares em várias espécies. Seu uso melhora o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo e reduz as respostas ao estresse em animais. Apesar de todos esses atributos, até agora não houve estudos controlados para avaliar os efeitos da substância Butafosfan e cobalamina sobre a qualidade do sêmen de garanhões. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ação do Butafosfan em combinação com cobalamina sobre a qualidade do sêmen fresco e resfriado de garanhões. Quatro garanhões saudáveis foram mantidos no mesmo lugar e sob as mesmas condições de manejo durante todo o experimen...

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Effects of stress on reproductive functions in the horse

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Gene Expression of ACTH, Glucocorticoid Receptors, 11βHSD Enzymes, LH‐, FSH‐, GH Receptors and Aromatase in Equine Epididymal and Testicular Tissue

Gene Expression of ACTH, Glucocorticoid Receptors, 11βHSD Enzymes, LH‐, FSH‐, GH Receptors and Aromatase in Equine Epididymal and Testicular Tissue

Endocrine and Electrolyte Balances during Periovulatory Period in Cycling Mares

Effect of intramuscular injection of butafosfan and cobalamin on the quality of Fresh and Cooled Stallion Semen

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