Effects of stress associated with weaning on the adaptive immune system in pigs1

Kick, Andrew R.; Tompkins, Mary B.; Flowers, W. L.; Whisnant, C.S.; Almond, Glen W.

doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3470

Cited by 60 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that chronic stress dysregulated the immune response by weakening the responses of lymphocytes to mitogens (Silberman et al, 2002), decreasing the T helper/T suppressor cell ratio (Segerstrom & Miller, 2004), and disturbing the balance of Th1/Th2 cells (Dhabhar, 2009). The down-regulation of the CD4 + T/CD8 + T cell ratio is accompanied by abnormal behavior (Stefanski et al, 2005), body weight loss (Kick et al, 2012), and the abnormal distribution of blastocysts (Wongweragiat et al, 1999). In the present study, restraint stress decreased the proliferative activities of uterine lymphocytes, and the CD3 + CD4 + T/CD3 + CD8 + T cell ratio.…”

Section: Restraint Stress Altered Local Uterine Immune Activitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Restraint stress alters immune parameters and induces oxidative stress in the mouse uterus during embryo implantation

Liu

Dong

Wang

et al. 2014

Stress

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The influence of stress on embryo implantation is not well understood. Prior studies have focused on later gestational stages and the long-term impact of stress on immune function. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of restraint stress on the immune parameters and the oxidative states of the uterus during implantation. In this study, pregnant CD1 mice were subjected to restraint stress (4 h/d) on embryonic day 1 (E1) and sacrificed on E3, E5, and E7. Maternal plasma corticosterone (CORT) secretion and implantation sites in the uterus were examined. The uterine (excluding embryos) homogenate and uterine lymphocytes were collected to examine oxidative stress states and associated immune parameters. The results demonstrated that restraint stress increased maternal plasma CORT secretion and reduced the number of implantation sites by 15.3% on E5 and by 26.1% on E7. Moreover, restraint stress decreased the density of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in the endometrium by 22.1-47.9% and increased the density of mast cells in the myometrium by 55.6-76.9%. Restraint stress remarkably decreased the CD3(+)CD4(+) T/CD3(+)CD8(+) T cell ratio (by 26.2-28.9%) and attenuated uterine lymphocyte proliferation and secretion of cytokines. In addition, restraint stress threatened the intracellular equilibrium between oxidants and antioxidants, resulting in decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) (32.2% and 45.7%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (15.5% and 26.1%), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (18.4% and 18.2%) activities and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) (34.4% and 43.0%) contents on E5 and E7. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that restraint stress causes abnormal implantation and negatively impacts immune parameters in association with oxidative stress in mice.

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Section: Restraint Stress Altered Local Uterine Immune Activitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Restraint stress alters immune parameters and induces oxidative stress in the mouse uterus during embryo implantation

Liu

Dong

Wang

et al. 2014

Stress

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“…Moreover, in order to avoid the transitional trapping lymphocytes effects of weaning on immune system [38], last day of experiment was performed on day 19, two days after early weaning.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical Immunomodulation by the Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in Early Life

et al. 2016

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V on the maturation of the intestinal and circulating immune system during suckling. In order to achieve this purpose, neonatal Lewis rats were supplemented with the probiotic strain from the 6th to the 18th day of life. The animals were weighed during the study, and faecal samples were obtained and evaluated daily. On day 19, rats were euthanized and intestinal wash samples, mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells, splenocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were obtained. The probiotic supplementation in early life did not modify the growth curve and did not enhance the systemic immune maturation. However, it increased the proportion of cells bearing TLR4 in the MLN and IEL, and enhanced the percentage of the integrin αEβ7+ and CD62L+ cells in the MLN and that of the integrin αEβ7+ cells in the IEL, suggesting an enhancement of the homing process of naïve T lymphocytes to the MLN, and the retention of activated lymphocytes in the intraepithelial compartment. Interestingly, B. breve M-16V enhanced the intestinal IgA synthesis. In conclusion, supplementation with the probiotic strain B. breve M-16V during suckling improves the development of mucosal immunity in early life.

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“…Sugiharto et al (2014) reported that the concentration of plasma IgA was higher on day 11 than on days 0 and 4 postweaning, with no significant changes in IgG levels. However, Kick et al (2012) demonstrated that early weaning did not negatively affect the adaptive immunological competence of piglets. Our results showed that the concentrations of IgA, IgG, and IgM did not significantly change during the first week post-weaning; however, IgA levels had a decreasing trend with increasing weaning time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient effects of weaning on the health of newly weaning piglets

Tao¹,

Xu²,

Men³

2016

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The transient effects of weaning on the health of newly weaning piglets were investigated. In this study, 24 piglets were randomly assigned to weaning and suckling (control) groups. Weaning piglets were sacrificed on days 1, 4, and 7 post-weaning; suckling piglets were slaughtered at the corresponding time points. Blood samples and internal organs were collected for the determination of hematological traits, relative organ weights, and serum biochemical, antioxidant, enzyme, and immune indexes. The results revealed that piglets' growth performance significantly decreased on days 4 and 7 post-weaning. White blood cell and lymphocyte counts changed on days 1 and 4 post-weaning. On day 4, serum glucose levels decreased and urea nitrogen levels increased. Thymus gland weight significantly decreased on day 7, while adrenal gland weight significantly increased on days 4 and 7. Malondialdehyde level increased on day 4 post-weaning and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and alkaline phosphatase activities decreased on days 4 and 7 post-weaning. Serum IgA concentrations decreased from day 1 to day 4 post-weaning. The results showed that the adverse effects of weaning on the serum biochemical indexes gradually weakened on day 4 post-weaning. However, during the first week postweaning, there were damaging effects on the endocrine, antioxidant, intestinal, and immune systems of piglets.Keywords: hematological traits; serum biochemical indexes; enzyme; immune List of abbreviations: W1d, W4d, W7d = weaning piglets slaughtered on days 1, 4, and 7 post-weaning, respectively, S1d, S4d, S7d = suckling piglets slaughtered on days 1, 4, and 7, respectively, ADG = average daily gain, WBC = white blood cell count, GRAN = neutrophilic granulocyte count, LYMF = lymphocyte count, MONO = monocyte count, GR = granulocyte percentage, LY = lymphocyte percentage, MO = monocyte percentage, RBC = red blood cell, HGB = hemoglobin, HCT = hematocrit, MCV = mean corpuscular volume, MCH = mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCHC = mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, RDW = red blood cell volume distribution width, PLT = blood platelet counts, PCT = platelet trait, MPV = mean platelet volume, PDW = platelet distribution width, TP = total protein, ALB = albumin, Glu = glucose, BUN = serum urea nitrogen, TCH = total cholesterol, LDL = lowdensity lipoprotein, MDA = malondialdehyde, T-AOC = total antioxidant capacity, SOD = superoxide dismutase, CAT = catalase, XOD = xanthine oxidase, CP = ceruloplasmin, AKP = alkaline phosphatase, 5'-NT = 5'nucleotidase

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Effects of stress associated with weaning on the adaptive immune system in pigs1

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

Restraint stress alters immune parameters and induces oxidative stress in the mouse uterus during embryo implantation

Restraint stress alters immune parameters and induces oxidative stress in the mouse uterus during embryo implantation

Preclinical Immunomodulation by the Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in Early Life

Transient effects of weaning on the health of newly weaning piglets

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