Effects of Stress and Social Support on Mothers and Premature and Full-Term Infants

Crnic, Keith A.; Greenberg, Mark T.; Ragozin, Arlene S.; Robinson, Nancy M.; Basham, Robert B.

doi:10.2307/1129878

Cited by 588 publications

(150 citation statements)

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“…Items were rated on scales ranging from 4 to 6 points and summed such that higher scores represent higher levels of parental satisfaction. Internal consistency for the SWP scale ranges from .70 to .77 in the literature (Crnic & Greenberg, 1990;Crnic, Greenberg, Ragozin, Robinson, & Basham, 1983) and was .72 in the current sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Sociodemographic risk and early environmental factors that contribute to resilience in executive control: A factor mixture model of 3-year-olds

Choi

Clark

James

et al. 2014

Child Neuropsychology

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Young children at sociodemographic risk generally demonstrate lower executive control (EC), although with substantial heterogeneity across children. Given this marked variability, there may be some at-risk children who display higher EC and may be buffered from or resilient to the effects of sociodemographic risk who can be studied to identify the contributory factors. In this study, factor mixture modelling was used to determine whether subgroups of 3-year-old children existed based on their observed performance on a battery of EC tasks. Results indicated 2 latent groups: One characterized by lower EC and the other by higher EC. Both sociodemographically at-risk and low-risk children were represented in each group, yielding 4 risk-status-by-EC groups, where at-risk higher EC children were termed the resilient group. Proximal household enrichment (e.g., exposure to learning materials, varied enriching experiences, academic and language stimulation, parental responsivity) distinguished the resilient group from lower performing children of similar risk status, whereas distal financial resources and proximal social network resources did not distinguish these two groups. Results suggest potential intervention targets to promote optimal EC development, particularly among children at risk.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Sociodemographic risk and early environmental factors that contribute to resilience in executive control: A factor mixture model of 3-year-olds

Choi

Clark

James

et al. 2014

Child Neuropsychology

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“…It has been consistently demonstrated that stress is one of the principle taxes to optimal parenting (Abidin 1992;Belsky 1984;Hillson and Kuiper 1994;Milner 1993). However, some studies of social support, for instance, have shown that social support moderates the effects of parenting stress on discipline behaviors, warmth, sensitivity (Crnic et al 1983;Rodgers 1998) and motherchild interaction (Crnic and Greenberg 1990), while other studies have failed to find this buffering effect. This leads some researchers to posit that social support functions differently in distinct stress conditions (Quittner et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of the Short Form of the Parenting Stress Index for Fathers of Toddlers

et al. 2008

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We examined the psychometric properties of two scales of the parenting stress index-short form (PSI-SF) in a low-income sample of fathers of toddlers. The factor structure, reliability, and validity of the parental distress and parent-child dysfunctional interaction subscales were assessed for 696 fathers in a multi-site study of Early Head Start. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) compared the fit of the developer recommended two-factor scales with five-factor scales theoretically derived and supported with mothers. Our results suggested that two subscales from the PSI-SF were reliable and valid for this sample of racially diverse, low-income fathers of toddlers. However, these subscales capture multiple dimensions of parenting stress and results also supported the use of more narrowly defined aspects of parenting stress that included general distress, distress specifically related to parenting demands, problematic interactions of the father-toddler dyad, perceptions of the child, and parental perceptions of self as a parent. These unidimensional scales may prove useful in research and clinical activities by allowing researchers to elucidate the mechanisms through which stress impacts parenting and permitting clinicians information to develop more targeted interventions for young children and their families.

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“…Within the neonatal intensive care unit, disruption to the parental role, the behaviour and appearance of the infant, and disturbing sights and sounds within the unit all contribute to parental distress 8. Such stress reduces maternal sensitivity to infant cues9 10 with negative implications for social and behavioural outcomes 11…”

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confidence: 99%

Randomised trial of a parenting intervention during neonatal intensive care

Glazebrook

Marlow

Israel

et al. 2007

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition

102

114

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Objective: To evaluate the influence of parenting intervention on maternal responsiveness and infant neurobehavioural development following a very premature birth. Design: Cluster-randomised controlled trial, with a crossover design and three-month washout period. Setting: Six neonatal intensive care units. Patients: Infants born ,32 weeks' gestation. Intervention: The Parent Baby Interaction Programme (PBIP) is a supportive, educational intervention delivered by research nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit, with optional home follow-up for up to six weeks after discharge. Main outcome measures: Parenting stress at 3 months adjusted age, as measured by the Parenting Stress Index (PSI). Other outcomes included the Neurobehavioural Assessment of the Preterm Infant (NAPI) and maternal interaction as assessed by the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS) and the responsivity subscale for Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME). Results: 112 infants were recruited in the intervention phases and 121 in the control phases. Mean standardised NAPI scores at 35 weeks did not differ between the PBIP and control groups. Both groups had low but similar NCATS caregiver scores before discharge (36.6 in the PBIP group and 37.4 in control, adjusted mean difference 20.7, 95% CI 22.7 to 1.4). At three months, adjusted age mean PSI scores for the PBIP group were 71.9 compared with 67.1 for controls (adjusted mean difference 3.8, 95% CI 24.7 to 12.4). NCATS scores and HOME responsivity scores were similarly distributed between the groups. Conclusion: This early, nurse-delivered, parent-focused interaction programme intervention had no measurable effects on short-term infant neurobehavioural function, mother-child interaction or parenting stresses.

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Effects of Stress and Social Support on Mothers and Premature and Full-Term Infants

Cited by 588 publications

References 0 publications

Sociodemographic risk and early environmental factors that contribute to resilience in executive control: A factor mixture model of 3-year-olds

Sociodemographic risk and early environmental factors that contribute to resilience in executive control: A factor mixture model of 3-year-olds

Validity of the Short Form of the Parenting Stress Index for Fathers of Toddlers

Randomised trial of a parenting intervention during neonatal intensive care

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