Effects of Streptomycin Upon the Human Fetus

Rubin, Alan M.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1951.02040040021003

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…When a vaginal plug was observed, the mother was treated with streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) in the drinking water (4 g/L); the bottles were changed twice per week. Streptomycin is known to cross the placental membrane 35 . On giving birth, the mother was continued on streptomycin in the water; the pups, when weaned, were continued on the same dose in their drinking water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Blocking of Calcium Channels in mdx Mice Results in Differential Effects on Heart and Skeletal Muscle

Jørgensen¹,

Blain²,

Greally³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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The disease mechanisms underlying dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy are complex, involving not only muscle membrane fragility, but also dysregulated calcium homeostasis. Specifically, it has been proposed that calcium channels directly initiate a cascade of pathological events by allowing calcium ions to enter the cell. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chronically blocking calcium channels with the aminoglycoside antibiotic streptomycin from onset of disease in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).Treatment in utero onwards delayed onset of dystrophic symptoms in the limb muscle of young mdx mice, but did not prevent degeneration and regeneration events occurring later in the disease course. Long-term treatment had a positive effect on limb muscle pathology, reduced fibrosis, increased sarcolemmal stability, and promoted muscle regeneration in older mice. However, streptomycin treatment did not show positive effects in diaphragm or heart muscle, and heart pathology was worsened. Thus, blocking calcium channels even before disease onset does not prevent dystrophy, making this an unlikely treatment for DMD. These findings highlight the importance of analyzing several time points throughout the life of the treated mice, as well as analyzing many tissues, to get a complete picture of treatment efficacy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Blocking of Calcium Channels in mdx Mice Results in Differential Effects on Heart and Skeletal Muscle

Jørgensen¹,

Blain²,

Greally³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…12,130 –137 In the first 4 months of pregnancy, theoretical risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity is a concern based on animal studies. 37,133,138 –144 Damage to the eighth cranial nerve has been documented following gestational use of streptomycin and kanamycin. 12,145 Ototoxicity can potentially occur following exposure to any aminioglycoside but has not been demonstrated following gentamicin administration in small human studies nor with the remaining agents within the class.…”

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When One Drug Affects 2 Patients

Bulloch

Carroll

2012

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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One of the most difficult challenges health care providers encounter is drug selection for pregnant patients. Drug selection can be complex as efficacy and maternal side effects must be weighed against potential risk to the embryo or fetus. Verification of an individual drug's fetal safety is limited as most evidence is deduced from epidemiologic, prospective cohort, or case-control studies. Medication selection for the pregnant inpatient is a particularly complex task as the illnesses and conditions that require hospitalization mandate different medications, and the risk versus benefit ratio can vary significantly compared to the outpatient setting. Some degree of acute pain is not uncommon among inpatients. Acetaminophen is generally considered the drug of choice in pregnancy for mild to moderate acute pain, while most opioids are thought to be safe for short-term use to manage moderate to severe pain. Providing sedation is particularly challenging as the few options available for the general population are further limited by either known increased risk of congenital malformations or very limited human pregnancy data. Propofol is the only agent recommended for continuous sedation, which has a Food and Drug Administration classification as a pregnancy category B medication. Treatment of infections in hospitalized patients requires balancing the microbiology profile against the fetal risk. Older antimicrobials proven generally safe include beta-lactams, and those with proven fetal risks include tetracyclines. However, little to no information regarding gestational use is available on the newer antimicrobials that are frequently employed to treat resistant infections more commonly found in the inpatient setting. Management of maternal blood pressure is based on the severity of blood pressure elevations and not the hypertensive classification. Agents generally considered safe to use in hypertensive pregnant patients include methyldopa, labetolol, and hydralazine, while angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, hydrochlorothiazide, and atenolol should be avoided.

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Clinical Problems Pertaining to Neurotoxicity of Streptomycin Group of Drugs

Winston¹

1953

Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

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Effects of Streptomycin Upon the Human Fetus

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Long-Term Blocking of Calcium Channels in mdx Mice Results in Differential Effects on Heart and Skeletal Muscle

Long-Term Blocking of Calcium Channels in mdx Mice Results in Differential Effects on Heart and Skeletal Muscle

When One Drug Affects 2 Patients

Clinical Problems Pertaining to Neurotoxicity of Streptomycin Group of Drugs

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