Effects of strenuous exercise on Th1/Th2 gene expression from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of marathon participants

Xiang, Lianbin; Rehm, Kristina E.; Marshall, Gailen D.

doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.03.004

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…CD4 + T-cell immune responses during respiratory viral infections characterized by the production of signature cytokines, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 for Th1 cells and IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, and IL-13 for Th2 cells [9,28,29]. The balance between the Th1 and Th2 responses is critical for the outcome of viral infections [60,61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MERS-CoV infection is associated with downregulation of genes encoding Th1 and Th2 cytokines/chemokines and elevated inflammatory innate immune response in the lower respiratory tract

et al. 2020

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A B S T R A C TMERS-CoV, a highly pathogenic virus in humans, is associated with high morbidity and case fatality. Inflammatory responses have a significant impact on MERS-CoV pathogenesis and disease outcome. However, CD4 + T-cell induced immune responses during acute MERS-CoV infection are barely detectable, with potent inhibition of effector T cells and downregulation of antigen presentation. The local pulmonary immune response, particularly the Th1 and Th2-related immune response during acute severe MERS-CoV infection is not fully understood. In this study, we offer the first insights into the pulmonary gene expression profile of Th1 and Th2related cytokines/chemokines (Th1 & Th2 responses) during acute MERS-CoV infection using RT 2 Profiler PCR Arrays. We also quantified the expression level of primary inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Our results showed a downregulation of Th2, inadequate (partial) Th1 immune response and high expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β and the neutrophil chemoattractant chemokine IL-8 (CXCL8) in the lower respiratory tract of MERS-CoV infected patients. Moreover, we identified a high viral load in all included patients. We also observed a correlation between inflammatory cytokines, Th1, and Th2 downregulation and the case fatality rate. Th1 and Th2 response downregulation, high expression of inflammatory cytokines, and high viral load may contribute to lung inflammation, severe infection, the evolution of pneumonia and ARDS, and a higher case fatality rate. Further study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the Th1 and Th2 regulatory pathways will be vital for active vaccine development and the identification of novel therapeutic strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MERS-CoV infection is associated with downregulation of genes encoding Th1 and Th2 cytokines/chemokines and elevated inflammatory innate immune response in the lower respiratory tract

et al. 2020

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“…45 Although psychological symptoms were Th1 cells predominant, the psychological factor could contribute to the development of Th2 cells. 46 Psychological symptom stress could magnify the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and sympathetic-adrenal medullary axes. The aberrant increased cortisol and catecholamines could mediate a Th2 cells shift.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Th1/Th2/Th17 cells imbalance in patients with asthma with and without psychological symptoms

Zhu

Liang²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

allergy asthma proc

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Analysis of our data revealed Th1 and Th2 cells activated in balance in the peripheral blood of patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms, along with activated Th17 cells. This finding provided an improved understanding of the immune-inflammation responses in patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms, and offered information for new targeted therapy to patients with asthma and with psychological symptoms.

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“…There has been consistent evidence that acute high intensity endurance exercise induce an elevation in IL-4 levels in both young trained or untrained individuals. In addition, cytokines regarding T1 inflammation, like INF-γ, are suppressed many hours after bout [19,33]. The suppression may last for more than 24 hours after bout [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the INF-γ/IL-4 ratio has been used as an indicator of immune polarization [18]. Currently, it is well established that an acute bout of strenuous endurance exercise inhibits the responses of T1 cytokines due to actions of glucorticoids and changes in intracellular transcription factors in immune cells [19,20]. In addition, these changes can contribute to anti-inflammatory effects of exercise in active exercisers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Running Practice Modulates Inflammatory Markers and not Alters Global DNA Methylation in Elderly Men

Cunha¹,

Figueiredo²,

Dorneles³

et al. 2017

JESO

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Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate 1) the impact of the regular running practice 2) as well the acute effect of running race on inflammatory markers and DNA methylation status in peripheral blood of health elderly men. Methods: Fifteen male volunteers aged 60 years and older were recruited. They were allocated in two groups: runners (RUN, n=8) and sedentary (SED, n=7), considering if they were sedentary or amateur street runners. All participants, SED and RUN groups, were submitted to a basal blood collection. After 5 days, two blood samples were collected in the RUN group: 30 min before and immediately after a 5-10km outdoor running performance.The blood samples (15mL) were collected for the epigenetic and inflammatory measurements, which were done using specific kits, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results: FIn the basal period, no significant differences were observed on DNA global methylation status between the SED and RUN groups. However, the SED group showed increased IL-4 and IL-6 levels when compared to the RUN individuals (p= 0,040 and 0,035, respectively). The IL-6 and IL-4 levels were significantly higher in the EXE group after the running performance compared to the before running period (p=0,004 and 0,013 respectively), while DNA methylation status remained unaltered. Conclusion: Our data suggest that DNA methylation status might not be consider a potential biomarker related to the healthy elderly runners phenotype. Furthermore, the inflammatory response may indicate a possible regulatory effect provided by the endurance exercise in the elderly group because IL-4 and IL-6 are synergic cytokines directing an immune response.

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Effects of strenuous exercise on Th1/Th2 gene expression from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of marathon participants

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

MERS-CoV infection is associated with downregulation of genes encoding Th1 and Th2 cytokines/chemokines and elevated inflammatory innate immune response in the lower respiratory tract

MERS-CoV infection is associated with downregulation of genes encoding Th1 and Th2 cytokines/chemokines and elevated inflammatory innate immune response in the lower respiratory tract

Th1/Th2/Th17 cells imbalance in patients with asthma with and without psychological symptoms

The Running Practice Modulates Inflammatory Markers and not Alters Global DNA Methylation in Elderly Men

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