Effects of stocking density and substratum on the survival, growth, burrowing behaviour and shell morphology of juvenile basket cockle, Clinocardium nuttallii: implications for nursery seed production and field outplanting

Epelbaum, Anya; Pearce, Christopher M.; Yuan, Simon; Plamondon, Nadia; Gurney‐Smith, Helen

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02680.x

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…b,c). Similar shell deformities were observed during the nursery phase when cockles were grown to SL ≥ 15 mm without substratum (Epelbaum, Pearce, Yuan, Plamondon & Gurney‐Smith ). Some cockles were able to survive these shell deformities (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaculture potential of the basket cockle (Clinocardium nuttallii). Part 1: effects of stocking density on first year grow-out performance in intertidal and off-bottom suspended culture

et al. 2012

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The basket cockle (Clinocardium nuttallii) is a candidate species for aquaculture in the northeast Pacific. The aim of the current research was to assess the feasibility of C. nuttallii grow‐out, with an emphasis on growth performance and qualities affecting product marketability. In this article, we investigated the combined effects of culture mode (intertidal and off‐bottom suspended culture) and initial stocking density (1500, 3000, 10 500 and 21 000 ind m−2) on C. nuttallii survival and growth during the first year of grow‐out (May through October). In intertidal culture, cockles exhibited low survival and poor growth rates. In suspended culture, survival was consistently high (>96%) at all stocking densities tested; growth and condition parameters had the highest values at 1500 and 3000 ind m−2. The edible portion (meat yield) exceeded 40% of the whole wet weight at all stocking densities, occurrences of fouled and deformed cockles were <1% and no commensal species were observed. Depending on the minimum harvestable size and stocking density chosen, harvestable proportions constituted from 1.1% to 15.2% by October of the first grow‐out year in the suspended system. The effects of stocking density and depth on second year grow‐out performance of C. nuttallii are reported in a companion paper (Dunham et al. in this issue).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaculture potential of the basket cockle (Clinocardium nuttallii). Part 1: effects of stocking density on first year grow-out performance in intertidal and off-bottom suspended culture

et al. 2012

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“…1993). High stocking density negatively affects some growth and condition parameters (Epelbaum et al 2010). The result in this study was generally lower growth at the density of 16 juveniles cm −2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Water Flow Rate and Stocking Density on Nursing Hatchery-Reared Juvenile Oysters,Crassostrea belcheriin a Semi-Closed Recirculation System

Tanyaros

Pattanatong

Tarangkoon

2012

Journal of Applied Aquaculture

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Juveniles of hatchery-reared oysters (Crassostrea belcheri) were grown in a semi-closed recirculation system at water flow rates of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 l min −1 . Growth rate increased with increasing water flow rate (P < 0.05) over four weeks. No significant differences in survival were found among water flow rates (P > 0.05). Four stocking density treatments were compared: 4, 8, 12, and 16 juveniles cm −2 . Stocking density affected the growth of animals, with higher growth rates obtained at the lower densities. Optimum stocking density based on growth rate was obtained for oysters at 12 juveniles cm −2 . Survival of oysters declined with increasing density (P < 0.05) over four weeks. Among the treatments tested, a water flow rate of 4 l min −1 and stocking density of 12 juveniles cm −2 are suitable for nursing hatchery-reared juvenile oysters (C. belcheri) in a semi-closed recirculation system.

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“…Similar shell deformities were occasionally observed in C. nuttallii during the nursery phase (Epelbaum et al . ) and in suspended culture during the first year of grow‐out (Dunham et al ,. in press).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaculture potential of the basket cockle (Clinocardium nuttallii). Part 2: effects of stocking density and depth on second year grow-out performance of three size cohorts in intertidal and off-bottom suspended culture

et al. 2012

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We investigated the effects of culture mode (intertidal and off‐bottom suspended culture) and initial stocking density (5%, 10%, 35% and 70% bottom cover) on survival, growth and condition indices of three size cohorts (16, 22 and 32 mm initial shell length) of the basket cockle, Clinocardium nuttallii, during a second year of grow‐out. In addition, we evaluated the effects of depth (2, 4 and 6 m) in suspended culture. All size cohorts demonstrated significantly higher growth rates, soft‐tissue biomass and condition indices in the off‐bottom suspended system compared to the intertidal one. In suspended culture, however, C. nuttallii exhibited sub‐optimal survival, shell deformities and heavy fouling. For all size cohorts, stocking density had a significant effect on most growth and condition parameters, except meat yield indices, in both culture modes. An initial maximum stocking density of 10% cover is recommended for all size cohorts. Culture depth did not have a consistent statistically significant effect on any of the growth or condition parameters. Depending on the grow‐out scenario, stocking density and harvestable size chosen, the cumulative harvestable proportion after the second year of grow‐out constituted 15.5–63.1% of the seed planted. Our results could be used to develop and improve culture techniques for C. nuttallii and other cockle species.

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Effects of stocking density and substratum on the survival, growth, burrowing behaviour and shell morphology of juvenile basket cockle, Clinocardium nuttallii: implications for nursery seed production and field outplanting

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Aquaculture potential of the basket cockle (Clinocardium nuttallii). Part 1: effects of stocking density on first year grow-out performance in intertidal and off-bottom suspended culture

Aquaculture potential of the basket cockle (Clinocardium nuttallii). Part 1: effects of stocking density on first year grow-out performance in intertidal and off-bottom suspended culture

Effect of Water Flow Rate and Stocking Density on Nursing Hatchery-Reared Juvenile Oysters,Crassostrea belcheriin a Semi-Closed Recirculation System

Aquaculture potential of the basket cockle (Clinocardium nuttallii). Part 2: effects of stocking density and depth on second year grow-out performance of three size cohorts in intertidal and off-bottom suspended culture

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