Effects of steroids and steroid antagonists on growth, gonadal development, and ratios in juvenile steelhead trout

Sower, Stacia A.; Schreck, Carl B.; Evenson, M. D.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(83)90222-3

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, tamoxifen influenced gonadal gender without producing an elevated or increased incidence of morphological abnormalities observed after treatment with high doses of methyltestosterone. Such abnormalities are thought to result from the effects of administered androgens influencing other, non-gonadal, physiological processes such as bone formation and smoltification (Higgs et a1 1982;Sower et al 1983). Because tamoxifen is an anti-estrogen and not a classic C-19 androgen, these side effects may have been avoided.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Steroidal Chemical Sex Manipulation of Tilapia

Hines

Watts

1995

J World Aquaculture Soc

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Steroidal Chemical Sex Manipulation of Tilapia

Hines

Watts

1995

J World Aquaculture Soc

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“…Sower et al (1983) showed that administration of FL along with 17α-MT to juvenile steelhead trout (incorporated in food pellets) prevented epidermal thickening and reduced growth rate, characteristics that were both caused by 17α-MT alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Three-Spined Stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) As a Sensitive in Vivo Test for Detection of Environmental Antiandrogens

Katsiadaki

Morris

Squires

et al. 2006

Environ Health Perspect

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We have previously shown that exposure to exogenous androgens causes female sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to produce the glue protein, spiggin, in their kidneys. This protein can be quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay developed and validated at the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science. Here we report the development of an in vivo test for the detection of environmental antiandrogens. The system involves the simultaneous exposure of female sticklebacks to 17α-methyltestosterone (a model androgen) at 500 ng/L and suspected environmental antiandrogens over a period of 21 days. The spiggin content of the kidneys is then measured, and any antiandrogenic activity is evaluated by comparing the spiggin levels of female fish exposed to antiandrogens to those of female fish exposed solely to the model androgen. The assay detects the antiandrogenic activity of flutamide, vinclozolin (both used at 250 μg/L), linuron (at 150 μg/L), and fenitrothion (at 15 and 150 μg/L). These results provide the first evidence of in vivo antiandrogenic activity of both linuron and fenitrothion in teleosts. Although there are other suggested fish species that could be used for this purpose, the stickleback is the only widely available species in which it is now possible to study both estrogenic and antiandrogenic end points in the same individual. Furthermore, the species is endemic and ubiquitous in Europe, and it possesses many ecological traits that make it better suited than other potential species for field research into endocrine disruption.

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“…The best documented instance of endocrine disruption in humans involved in utero exposure to the potent synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES), which resulted in adverse reproductive impacts in human offspring (Herbst et al, 1971;Gill et al, 1979 was not as an environmental contaminant; it was used as a pharmaceutical administered to pregnant women (Sower et al, 1983;Rumsey and Hammond, 1990). However, the unanticipated sensitivity of the developing human reproductive system to DES clearly demonstrates that the human embryo/fetus is not immune to insult by exogenous chemicals that act as hormones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine Disruptors in Water: Implications for the Water Industry

Snyder¹,

Westerhoff²,

Yoon³

et al. 2003

Environmental Engineering Science

800

371

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For over 70 years, scientists have reported that certain synthetic and natural compounds could mimic natural hormones in the endocrine systems of animals. These substances are now collectively known as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), and have been linked to a variety of adverse effects in both humans and wildlife. More recently, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been discovered in various surface and ground waters, some of which have been linked to ecological impacts at trace concentrations. The majority of EDCs and PPCPs are more polar than traditional contaminants and several have acidic or basic functional groups. These properties, coupled with occurrence at trace levels (i.e., ,1 mg/L), create unique challenges for both removal processes and analytical detection. Reports of EDCs and PPCPs in water have raised substantial concern among the public and regulatory agencies; however, very little is known about the fate of these compounds during drinking and wastewater treatment. Numerous studies have shown that conventional drinking and wastewater treatment plants can not completely remove many EDCs and PPCPs. Oxidation with chlorine and ozone can result in transformation of some compounds with reactive functional groups under the conditions employed in water and wastewater treatment plants. Advanced treatment technologies, such as activated carbon and reverse osmosis, appear viable for the removal of many trace contaminants including EDCs and PPCPs. Future research needs include more detailed fate and transport data, standardized analytical methodology, predictive models, removal kinetics, and determination of the toxicological relevance of trace levels of EDCs and PPCPs in water.Key words: endocrine disruptor; pharmaceutical; drinking water; wastewater; treatment; review 449 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS P ERHAPS THE MOST DIFFICULT PART of understanding the subject of endocrine disruption involves a definition of the term. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has defined environmental endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) as exogenous agents that interfere with the "synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action, or elimi- nation of natural hormones in the body that are responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis, reproduction, development, and/or behavior" (EPA, 1997). However, definitions and opinions on what defines an EDC vary greatly. It is generally accepted that the three major classes of endocrine disruption endpoints are estrogenic (compounds that mimic or block natural estrogen), androgenic (compounds that mimic or block natural testosterone), and thyroidal (compounds with direct or indirect impacts to the thyroid). As we will illustrate, the majority of research thus far has focused only on estrogenic compounds; however, disruption of androgen and thyroid function may be of greater or equal importance biologically.Although the topic of endocrine disruption is considered an "emerging issue" in the water industry, scientists have known about the ability o...

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Effects of steroids and steroid antagonists on growth, gonadal development, and ratios in juvenile steelhead trout

Cited by 30 publications

References 22 publications

Non‐Steroidal Chemical Sex Manipulation of Tilapia

Non‐Steroidal Chemical Sex Manipulation of Tilapia

Use of the Three-Spined Stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) As a Sensitive in Vivo Test for Detection of Environmental Antiandrogens

Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine Disruptors in Water: Implications for the Water Industry

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