Effects of Stationary Cycling on Spasticity and Range of Motion in Children with Diplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Quasi Interventional Study

Abstract

Background: Literature shows that cerebral palsy becomes challenging disability with the passage of time. Various treatment protocols are used to treat balance and coordination problems during rehabilitation programs however effective techniques are still needed to address spasticity and limited range of motion. Objectives: To determine the effects of stationary cycling on spasticity and range of motion in diplegic cerebral palsy children. Methods: An interventional study design (Quasi study design) was conducted in Rising Sun Mughalpura branch and Compass Schools for Special Education Lahore in 6 months from Feb 2019 to Aug 2019, after approval of synopsis. 68children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Sample size was estimated using formula for Sample Size determination in health studies version 2.0.21 WHO. The static bicycle was used as an intervention tool. Two readings were taken before and after treatment. The data was analyzed by using IBM SPSS 20. Qualitative variables age, weight, gender and height were expressed as percentages. As the data found was parametric with a homogenous impression, paired sample t test was used to compare mean score at pre-post levels for ashworth scale and range of motion at knee and ankle joints. A p value less than 0.05 were taken as significant. Ashwroth Scale was used for spasticity and for Range of Motion goniometer was used. Results: The paired sample statistics of pre-post testing of Ashworth Scale Score for calf muscles (M= 1.02, SD= 0.79), while for hamstring muscles (M= 1.13 SD= 0.84) with the significant p value 0.00. Knee and ankle range was (M=9.70, SD= 0.54) and (M=0.82, SD= 2.69) respectively, with a significant p value 0.00 for both. Conclusion: It is concluded that stationary cycling has significant role in decreasing spasticity and increasing range of motion in children with diplegic spastic cerebral palsy.