Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Sprint and Jump Performance in Boys and Girls

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of static (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) on explosive power, flexibility, and sprinting ability of adolescent boys and girls and to report possible gender interactions. Forty-seven active adolescent boys and girls were randomly tested after SS and DS of 40 seconds on quadriceps, hamstrings, hip extensors, and plantar flexors; no stretching was performed at the control condition. Pretreatment and posttreatment tests examined the effects of stretching on 20-m sprint run (20 m), countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and sit and reach flexibility test. In terms of performance, SS hindered 20 m and CMJ in boys and girls by 2.5 and 6.3%, respectively. Dynamic stretching had no effect on 20 m in boys and girls but impaired CMJ by 2.2%. In terms of flexibility, both SS and DS improved performance with SS being more beneficial (12.1%) compared with DS (6.5%). No gender interaction was found. It can therefore be concluded that SS significantly negates sprinting performance and explosive power in adolescent boys and girls, whereas DS deteriorates explosive power and has no effect on sprinting performance. This diversity of effects denotes that the mode of stretching used in adolescent boys and girls should be task specific.

Untitled

“…The results are in agreement with previous findings (Fletcher and Anness,2007, Fletcher and Jones, 2004, Little and Williams, 2006Nelson et al, 2005, Chaouachi et al, 2008, Paradisis et al, 2013, Vasileiou et al 2013, Papadopoulos et al, 2015, Famisis, 2015. Similar were the CMJ results.…”

Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review

“…Most studies report that movements were performed through a full or nearly full active ROM. Stretches performed through the active or maximal ROM resulted in trivial and nonsignificant performance changes (Beedle et al 2008;Herda et al 2008;Curry et al 2009;Amiri-Khorasani et al 2010;Chaouachi et al 2010;Paradisis et al 2014), performance enhancements (Fletcher and Anness 2007;Yamaguchi et al 2007;Chaouachi et al 2010), or performance impairments (Curry et al 2009). Two studies reporting performance impairments required subjects to perform small ballistic bouncing or bobbing movements near the end ROM Bacurau et al 2009).…”

“…Static stretching (SS) is considered an effective method for increasing joint range of motion (ROM) (Paradisis et al 2014;Power et al 2004) and is often thought to improve performance (Young and Behm 2003;Young 2007) and reduce the incidence of activity-related injuries (Ekstrand et al 1983;Hadala and Barrios 2009). It is therefore commonly performed in preactivity routines Simenz et al 2005).…”

The acute effect of static stretching between sets on the number of repetitions performance in resistance training

“…It has been suggested that neural and mechanical factors responsible for the decrement of muscular performance after static stretching (Ogura et al, 2007;Paradisis et al, 2014). Stiffer musculotendinous unit (MTU) more effective to force generated by muscles transmitted to skeletal system than compliant MTU (Kokkonen et al, 1998).…”

“…Active recovery and stretching between the consecutive sets are mostly used by athletes and coaches to diminish the effects of fatigue. Previous studies demonstrated that static stretching has negative effects on performance which performed after static stretching (Cornwell et al, 2002;Evetovich et al, 2003;Hough et al, 2009;Kistler et al, 2010;Kokkonen et al, 1998;Nelson et al, 2005;Paradisis et al, 2014;Pinto et al, 2014;Young and Behm, 2003). However, little research has reported the effects of stretching between sets on the number of repetitions or volume completed.…”