Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage K on Expression of Cytokines and Activation Markers by Human Dendritic Cells In Vitro

Freyberger, Helen R.; He, Yanan; Roth, Amanda L.; Nikolich, Mikeljon P.; Filippov, Andrey A.

doi:10.3390/v10110617

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…No significant effect of bacteriophage T4 on the production of cytokines IL-1α, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, as well as on the expression of MHC class II, CD40, CD86, and CD80 was observed [9]. Similar results were obtained by Freyerberger et al [59] who tested whether bacteriophage K affects cytokine expression and activation of human dendritic cell markers. They showed that bacteriophage K had little or no effect on the production of anti-and pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of MHC-I and CD80/CD86 proteins [59].…”

Section: Dendritic Cellssupporting

confidence: 81%

Interactions of Bacteriophages with Animal and Human Organisms—Safety Issues in the Light of Phage Therapy

Podlacha

Grabowski

Kosznik-Kawśnicka

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Bacteriophages are viruses infecting bacterial cells. Since there is a lack of specific receptors for bacteriophages on eukaryotic cells, these viruses were for a long time considered to be neutral to animals and humans. However, studies of recent years provided clear evidence that bacteriophages can interact with eukaryotic cells, significantly influencing the functions of tissues, organs, and systems of mammals, including humans. In this review article, we summarize and discuss recent discoveries in the field of interactions of phages with animal and human organisms. Possibilities of penetration of bacteriophages into eukaryotic cells, tissues, and organs are discussed, and evidence of the effects of phages on functions of the immune system, respiratory system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal system, urinary tract, and reproductive system are presented and discussed. Modulations of cancer cells by bacteriophages are indicated. Direct and indirect effects of virulent and temperate phages are discussed. We conclude that interactions of bacteriophages with animal and human organisms are robust, and they must be taken under consideration when using these viruses in medicine, especially in phage therapy, and in biotechnological applications.

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Section: Dendritic Cellssupporting

confidence: 81%

Interactions of Bacteriophages with Animal and Human Organisms—Safety Issues in the Light of Phage Therapy

Podlacha

Grabowski

Kosznik-Kawśnicka

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…113 Similarly, certain staphylococcal and pseudomonal phages induce proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-1b, in murine dendritic cells, 113 whereas other staphylococcal phages did not elicit human dendritic cell cytokine expression. 114 Together, data suggest that immune responses are phage strain dependent.…”

Section: Drug-related Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Therapy in the Resistance Era: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Going?

Luong

Salabarria

Roach

2020

Clinical Therapeutics

148

107

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Purpose: Widespread antibiotic-resistant bacteria are threatening the arsenal of existing antibiotics. Not only are antibiotics less likely to be effective today, but their extensive use continues to drive the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. A newold antibacterial strategy with bacteriophages (phages) is under development, namely, phage therapy. Phages are targeted bacterial viruses with multiple antibacterial effector functions, which can reduce multidrug-resistant infections within the human body. This review summarizes recent phage therapy clinical trials and patient cases and outlines the fundamentals behind phage treatment strategies under development, mainly through bench-to-bedside approaches. We discuss the challenges that remain in phage therapy and the role of phages when combined with antibiotic therapy. Methods: This narrative review presents the current knowledge and latest findings regarding phage therapy. Relevant case reports and research articles available through the Scopus and PubMed databases are discussed. Findings: Although recent clinical data suggest the tolerability and, in some cases, efficacy of phage therapy, the clinical functionality still requires careful definition. The lack of well-controlled clinical trial data and complex regulatory frameworks have driven the most recent human data generation on a singlepatient compassionate use basis. These cases often include the concomitant use of antibiotics, which makes it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of phages alone. However, human data support using antibiotics as phage potentiators and resistance breakers; thus, phage adjuvants are a promising avenue for near-term clinical development. Current knowledge gaps exist on the appropriate routes of administration, phage selection, frequency of administration, dosage, phage resistance, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the phages. In addition, we highlight that some phage therapies have mild adverse effects in patients. Implications: Although more translational research is needed before the clinical implementation is feasible, phage therapy may well be pivotal in safeguarding humans against antibiotic-resistant infections.

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“…A potential concern of this strategy is that in some patients it may provoke a host-versus-phage inflammatory immune response. This may result in phage neutralization and thereby impair therapeutic efficacy [37]. Thus, any clinical trial to test the suitability of this phage will be diligent to this possibility.…”

Section: Other Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Consideration of Antibacterial Agent Efficacies in the Treatment and Prevention of Formation of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm

Sedarat

Taylor‐Robinson

2019

Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium found frequently on a person's skin and sometimes in their upper respiratory tract. Although regarded primarily as a commensal of the human microbiota S. aureus shows the ability to become an opportunistic pathogen. Hence, it is a common cause of skin and lung infections and of food poisoning. S. aureus forms biofilms, complex communities of bacteria inside an exopolysaccharide matrix, which adhere to different surfaces, including those associated with hospital-acquired infections such as catheters, shunts and other implanted medical devices. In this instance, the presence of proteins adsorbed to the surface of the biomaterial provides a nutrient source for bacterial growth. Due to antimicrobial resistance, use of longstanding antibiotics alone is increasingly an ineffective therapeutic intervention for biofilm-related infections. Therefore, a growing concern is the treatment of medical devices in order to prevent antibiotic resistance associated with routine handling of these items in a healthcare setting. Consequently, several different biotechnological approaches have targeted a practical solution to S. aureus biofilm formation. These include novel antibiotics administered alone or combined with other compounds, application of natural products like enzymes and antimicrobial peptides, and harnessing of nanoparticles and phage therapy. This brief article provides an overview of each of these cutting-edge methods aimed at inhibition of S. aureus biofilms. Development of an effective agent to prevent and treat biofilm formation would represent a significant step forward for infection control of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and other antibiotic-resistant strains that provides a major global public health challenge.

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Effects of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage K on Expression of Cytokines and Activation Markers by Human Dendritic Cells In Vitro

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Interactions of Bacteriophages with Animal and Human Organisms—Safety Issues in the Light of Phage Therapy

Interactions of Bacteriophages with Animal and Human Organisms—Safety Issues in the Light of Phage Therapy

Phage Therapy in the Resistance Era: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Going?

A Consideration of Antibacterial Agent Efficacies in the Treatment and Prevention of Formation of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm

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