Effects of standardized stem bark extract of Mangifera indica L. in wistar rats with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-induced haemolytic anaemia

Abstract

Background:The aqueous decoction of the stem back of Mangifera indica L. has been traditionally used for the treatment of various illnesses among them includes anaemia. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-anaemic properties of standardized stem bark extract of M. indica in animals with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-induced haemolytic anaemia. Methods and Material: An in vivo animal model was used in this experiment. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine was used to induce haemolysis and treatment was done with three different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/ kg b.wt) of the plant extract. Astifer® was used as a positive control. Haematological parameters such as PCV, HGb concentration, and TLC were performed and to ascertain the level of haemolysis. GC-MS was used determine the present of phytoconstituents within the crude extract. Results: PCV and HGb concentration increased significantly (p<0.001) at a dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt respectively while no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed at a dose of 25 mg/kg b.wt. TLC was decreased significantly (p<0.001) at a dose 100 mg/kg b.wt while no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed at a dose of 25 and 50 mg/kg b.wt respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed presence of 15 compounds viz: 2,2-Dimethoxybutane, N-Acetyl-Alpha-D-glucosamine, 1,2-Benzenediol, Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, Vitamin E, Pentadecanoic acid, 13-methyl-, methyl ester, 2-Ethylacridine, Benzofuran-6-ol-3-one, 2-(4ethoxycarbonyl)benzylidene-, 9-Octadecanoic acid, (E)-, 2,4,6-Cycloheptatrien-1-one, 3,5-bis-trimethylsilyl-, and Benzo[h]quinoline,2,4-dimethyl-. Conclusion: The results of our present finding suggest the significant anti-anaemic properties of standardized stem bark extract of Mangefera indica L. This finding highlights the potentials of the extract and M. indica in the treatment of haemolytic anaemia.

Sickling-preventive effects of rutin is associated with modulation of deoxygenated haemoglobin, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate mutase, redox status and alteration of functional chemistry in sickle erythrocytes

“…Equally, treatment with rutin has been reportedly associated with anti-inflammatory and protein stability effects which may be beneficial in battling SCD associated oxidative stress, inflammation and decreased haemoglobin S stability (Nafees et al., 2015). This can ease and conceivably converses excruciating vaso-occlusive actions characterized by endothelial dysfunction and initiation of inflammatory and coagulation pathway lately designated in SCD (Erukainure et al., 2017; Macharia et al., 2018; Sani et al., 2015).…”

Sickling-suppressive effects of chrysin may be associated with sequestration of deoxy-haemoglobin, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate mutase, alteration of redox homeostasis and functional chemistry of sickle erythrocytes

“…14 These may as well mitigate and possibly converse painful vaso-occlusive episodes characterized by endothelial dysfunction and activation of the inflammatory and coagulation pathway recently reported in SCD. 3,11,33 Flavonoids like rutin and quercetin have also been favourable reported with antisickling effects via modulation of sickling active molecules (haemoglobin and 2,3-bisphophoglycerate mutase), modulation of redox homeostasis and biochemical alteration in relation to functional chemistry of sickle erythrocytes. 28,29 Again, these further confirmed the observed antisickling properties of chrysin as clearly demonstrated from our current studies.…”

Antisickling Effects of Quercetin may be Associated with Modulation of Deoxyhaemoglobin, 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate mutase, Redox Homeostasis and Alteration of Functional Chemistry in Human Sickle Erythrocytes.

“…Its administration has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and protein stability effects which could be advantageous in combating SCD associated oxidative stress, inflammation and decreased HbS stability (Askari et al, 2012). These may as well alleviate and possibly reverse throbbing vaso-occlusive events branded by endothelial dysfunction and instigation of the inflammatory as well as coagulation pathway lately described in SCD (Erukainure et al, 2017;Macharia et al, 2018;Sani et al, 2015).…”