Effects of Spray Conditions on Coating Formation by the Kinetic Spray Process

Han, Taeyoung; Chen, Yujin; Gillispie, Bryan A.; Smith, J. R.

doi:10.1361/105996305x59369

Cited by 44 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Over two decades of fundamental studies (Ref [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have elucidated the theoretical principles of the process, which has led to the development of commercial equipment and applications . While the CGDS process has become established in recent years, particularly for repairs , it is still in its infancy as an AM process (Ref [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] (Ref 13) proposed that the critical velocity for titanium is above 700 m/s for adiabatic sheer instability to occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Spraying of Armstrong Process Titanium Powder for Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2016

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Titanium parts are ideally suited for aerospace applications due to their unique combination of high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance. However, titanium as bulk material is expensive and challenging/costly to machine. Production of complex titanium parts through additive manufacturing looks promising, but there are still many barriers to overcome before reaching mainstream commercialization. The cold gas dynamic spraying process offers the potential for additive manufacturing of large titanium parts due to its reduced reactive environment, its simplicity to operate, and the high deposition rates it offers. A few challenges are to be addressed before the additive manufacturing potential of titanium by cold gas dynamic spraying can be reached. In particular, it is known that titanium is easy to deposit by cold gas dynamic spraying, but the deposits produced are usually porous when nitrogen is used as the carrier gas. In this work, a method to manufacture low-porosity titanium components at high deposition efficiencies is revealed. The components are produced by combining low-pressure cold spray using nitrogen as the carrier gas with low-cost titanium powder produced using the Armstrong process. The microstructure and mechanical properties of additive manufactured titanium components are investigated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Spraying of Armstrong Process Titanium Powder for Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2016

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“…On method involved heating of the powders into the nozzle using microwaves (Ref 105). Heating was also accomplished by modifying the gun through the addition of a pre-chamber between the nozzle and the gas/powder mixing chamber in order to increase the transit time of the particles in the hot gas (Ref 106,107). Another approach involved adding a powder preheating device to the cold spray apparatus (Ref 108).…”

Section: New Inventions-us Patent Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Cold Spray Process and Technology: Part I—Intellectual Property

et al. 2008

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/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=11343950&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=11343950&lang=fr READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions?Contact the NRC Publications Archive team at PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-008-9203-3Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 17, 4, pp. 495-516, 2008 Review on Cold Spray Process and Technology: Part I-Intellectual Property Eric Irissou, Jean-Gabriel Legoux, Anatoly N. Ryabinin, Bertrand Jodoin, and Christian Moreau (Submitted December 2, 2007; in revised form February 11, 2008) The number of research papers as well as of patents and patent applications on cold spray and cold spray related technologies has grown exponentially in the current decade. This rapid growth of activity brought a tremendous amount of information on this technology in a short period of time. The main motivation for this review is to summarize the rapidly expanding common knowledge on cold spray to help researchers and engineers already or soon to be involved for their future endeavors with this new technology. Cold spray is one of the various names for describing an all-solid-state coating process that uses a high-speed gas jet to accelerate powder particles toward a substrate where they plastically deform and consolidate upon impact. Cold gas dynamic spray, cold spray, kinetic spray, supersonic particle deposition, dynamic metallization or kinetic metallization are all terminologies found in the literature that designate the above-defined coating process. This review on cold spray technology is divided into two parts. In this article, Part I, patents and patent applications related to this process are reviewed, starting from the first few mentions of the idea at the beginning of the 20th century to its practical discovery in Russia in the 1980s and its subsequent occidental development and commercialization. The patent review encompasses Russian and USA patents and patent applications. Part II will review ...

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“…Both experimental and numerical studies on the two-phase nozzle flow were conducted in the past decades, yielding to the main parameters for gas and particulate acceleration. Primarily, the gas stagnation pressure and temperature [5][6], the gas species [7] [8] and the powder injection conditions [9][10] are important. Another critical parameter is the particle material and size, as the larger and heavier particles are the less susceptible to the flow, having a much higher characteristic reaction time [11][12] [13], whereas the particle shape is connected to the drag coefficient [14] [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle In-Flight Velocity and Dispersion Measurements at Increasing Particle Feed Rates in Cold Spray

2016

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Cold Spray (CS) is attracting the interest of research and industry due to its rapid, solid-state particle deposition process and the respective advantages over conventional deposition technologies. The acceleration of the particles is critical to the efficiency of CS, and previous fluid dynamic investigations rarely consider the particle feed rate important. However, because higher particle loadings are typically used in the process, the effect of this cannot be assumed negligible. This study therefore investigates the particle velocities in the supersonic jet of an advanced CS system at low and high pressure levels and varying particle feed rates using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The particle dispersion and velocity evolution along the jet axis were investigated for several feedstock materials. It was found that the average particle velocity noticeably decreases with increasing particulate loading in all cases. This effect is aggravated for lower working pressures, but mainly depends on the feedstock material, which implies more complex, volume-fraction related physics playing a role in this respect. Moreover, the velocity distribution and particle dispersion were also observed to be influenced by the feed rate, depending on the particle material. Increased particle feed rates hence affect the magnitude and distribution of impact velocity and consequently the efficiency of CS. In particular, numerical models neglecting this interconnection are required to be further improved, based on these experimental studies.

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Effects of Spray Conditions on Coating Formation by the Kinetic Spray Process

Cited by 44 publications

References 11 publications

Cold Spraying of Armstrong Process Titanium Powder for Additive Manufacturing

Cold Spraying of Armstrong Process Titanium Powder for Additive Manufacturing

Review on Cold Spray Process and Technology: Part I—Intellectual Property

Particle In-Flight Velocity and Dispersion Measurements at Increasing Particle Feed Rates in Cold Spray

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