Effects of speed, age, and amblyopia on the perception of motion-defined form

Hayward, Jake; Truong, Grace; Partanen, Marita; Giaschi, Deborah

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.08.023

Cited by 58 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Therefore, we hypothesize that the reading and coherent motion mechanisms are developing in the same way after age of 13 since both vary linearly with increasing age. Our results confirm the suggestions of other studies (Cornelissen, Hansen, Gilchrist, Cormack, Essex, and Frankish 1998;Pellicano and Gibson 2008;Englund and Palomares 2012;Hayward et al 2011); there is a relationship between motion processing mechanisms and reading ability. We guess that the influence of exogenous factors predominates in the development of reading skills after the 13th year of age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reading and coherent motion perception in school age children

et al. 2015

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This study includes an evaluation, according to age, of the reading and global motion perception developmental trajectories of 2027 school age children in typical stages of development. Reading is assessed using the reading rate score test, for which all of the student participants, regardless of age, received the same passage of text of a medium difficulty reading level. The coherent motion perception threshold is determined according to the adaptive psychophysical protocol based on a four-alternative, forced-choice procedure. Three different dot velocities: 2, 5, and 8 deg/s were used for both assemblies of coherent or randomly moving dots. Reading rate score test results exhibit a wide dispersion across all age groups, so much so that the outlier data overlap, for both the 8 and 18-year-old student-participant age groups. Latvian children's reading fluency developmental trajectories reach maturation at 12-13 years of age. After the age of 13, reading rate scores increase slowly; however, the linear regression slope is different from zero and positive: F(1, 827) = 45.3; p < 0.0001. One hundred eighty-one student-participants having results below the 10th percentile were classified as weak readers in our study group. The reading fluency developmental trajectory of this particular group of student-participants does not exhibit any statistically significant saturation until the age of 18 years old. Coherent motion detection thresholds decrease with age and do not reach saturation. Tests with slower moving dots (2 deg/s) yield results that exhibit significant differences between strong and weak readers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reading and coherent motion perception in school age children

et al. 2015

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“…Some of these additional regions are assumed to be associated with the dorsal visual stream, which is not too surprising given that the experimental paradigms adopted typically tap motion processing in the context of action planning, saccadic movements or attention, all preferentially engage the dorsal pathway (Newsome et al, 1989;Treue and Maunsell, 1996;Newsome, 1997). Although ventral stream regions have also been implicated in motion processing (De Valois et al, 2000;Tolias et al, 2005;Lu et al, 2010;Li et al, 2013), and there have been suggestions that intact motion perception relies on a combination of dorsal and ventral-related contributions (De Valois et al, 2000), and that ventral cortex might be important for slow motion while dorsal cortex is important for fast motion (Gegenfurtner and Hawken, 1996;Thompson et al, 2006;Hayward et al, 2011), the necessary role of ventral visual cortex in motion perception has not been demonstrated. Our findings implicate ventral visual cortex in central motion perception; this is true, critically, not only for slow motion (at 0.055-0.08 /s, as in the motion detection task, or 5.4 /s in the motion coherence task), but also for very fast motions (motion coherence at 27.27 /s).…”

Section: Ventral Visual Cortex Affects Motion Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several findings indicate that the ventral pathway may also be implicated in motion perception (Ungerleider and Desimone, 1986;Treue and Maunsell, 1996;Newsome, 1997; and see an overview in Chapman et al, 2004;Hayward et al, 2011). For example, motion-sensitive regions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MT/MST in humans) are anatomically located at the intersection of the dorsal and ventral streams in lateral temporal cortex (Ungerleider and Mishkin, 1982;Goodale and Milner, 1992), and are thus not exclusively within the dorsal pathway. Further findings, primarily from non-human primates, indicate that ventral visual cortices may play an important functional role in motion perception Ungerleider and Desimone, 1986;Desimone and Schein, 1987;Mountcastle et al, 1987;Ferrera et al, 1994;De Valois et al, 2000;Ferrera and Maunsell, 2005;Tolias et al, 2005;Lu et al, 2010), and it has also been suggested that slower motion (53 /s) might be supported by the ventral pathway following the sustained nature of the parvocellular system, whereas faster motion is supported by the dorsal more transient magnocellular pathway (Gegenfurtner and Hawken, 1996;Thompson et al, 2006;Hayward et al, 2011). It is also the case that visual motion is engaged in form-associated functions (Kourtzi et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assessed performance in both basic motion tasks (motion coherence or detection; Newsome and Pare, 1988;Stoner and Albright, 1992;Albright and Stoner, 1995;Rees et al, 2000;Thiele and Stoner, 2003) and in more complex motion tasks (3D structurefrom-motion; Vaina et al, 1990;McLeod et al, 1996;Grossman et al, 2000;Murray et al, 2003;Saygin, 2007;Jastorff and Orban, 2009;Gilaie-Dotan et al, 2011). Motion speed was also manipulated to evaluate whether ventral cortex contributed differently to the perception of slow or fast motion (Hayward et al, 2011;Narasimhan and Giaschi, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size Precedes View: Developmental Emergence of Invariant Object Representations in Lateral Occipital Complex

Nishimura

Scherf²,

Zachariou

et al. 2015

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Visual motion perception is fundamental to many aspects of visual perception. Visual motion perception has long been associated with the dorsal (parietal) pathway and the involvement of the ventral 'form' (temporal) visual pathway has not been considered critical for normal motion perception. Here, we evaluated this view by examining whether circumscribed damage to ventral visual cortex impaired motion perception. The perception of motion in basic, non-form tasks (motion coherence and motion detection) and complex structure-from-motion, for a wide range of motion speeds, all centrally displayed, was assessed in five patients with a circumscribed lesion to either the right or left ventral visual pathway. Patients with a right, but not with a left, ventral visual lesion displayed widespread impairments in central motion perception even for non-form motion, for both slow and for fast speeds, and this held true independent of the integrity of areas MT/V5, V3A or parietal regions. In contrast with the traditional view in which only the dorsal visual stream is critical for motion perception, these novel findings implicate a more distributed circuit in which the integrity of the right ventral visual pathway is also necessary even for the perception of non-form motion.

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Processing Slow and Fast Motion in Children With Autism Spectrum Conditions

2013

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Consistent with the dorsal stream hypothesis, difficulties processing dynamic information have previously been reported in individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). However, no research has systematically compared motion processing abilities for slow and fast speeds. Here, we measured speed discrimination thresholds and motion coherence thresholds in slow (1.5 deg/sec) and fast (6 deg/sec) speed conditions in children with an ASC aged 7 to 14 years, and age- and ability-matched typically developing children. Unexpectedly, children with ASC were as sensitive as typically developing children to differences in speed at both slow and fast reference speeds. Yet, elevated motion coherence thresholds were found in children with ASC, but in the slow stimulus speed condition only. Rather than having pervasive difficulties in motion processing, as predicted by the dorsal stream hypothesis, these results suggest that children with ASC have a selective difficulty in extracting coherent motion information specifically at slow speeds. Understanding the effects of stimulus parameters such as stimulus speed will be important for resolving discrepancies between previous studies examining motion coherence thresholds in ASC and also for refining theoretical models of altered autistic perception.

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Effects of speed, age, and amblyopia on the perception of motion-defined form

Cited by 58 publications

References 70 publications

Reading and coherent motion perception in school age children

Reading and coherent motion perception in school age children

Size Precedes View: Developmental Emergence of Invariant Object Representations in Lateral Occipital Complex

Processing Slow and Fast Motion in Children With Autism Spectrum Conditions

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