Effects of species richness, identity and environmental variables on growth in planted mangroves in Kenya

Kirui, Bernard; Kairo, James Gitundu; Skov, Martin W.; Mencuccini, Maurizio; Huxham, Mark

doi:10.3354/meps09999

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The species richness creates stable ecosystem that is more likely to self-sustain in the events of harvesting pressures [12]. Kirui et al [36] reported that changes in species richness in Gazi Bay were likely to reduce resilience of mangrove ecosystem and make it vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic activities. Results revealed higher stem density and larger basal area in Mtimbwani compared to Geza (Figures 2(a) and 2(b)).…”

Section: Vegetation Structure and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Stocks in the Small Estuarine Mangroves of Geza and Mtimbwani, Tanga, Tanzania

Alavaisha

Mangora

2016

International Journal of Forestry Research

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Mangrove forests offer important ecosystem services, including their high capacity for carbon sequestration and stocking. However, they face rapid degradation and loss of ecological resilience particularly at local scales due to human pressure. We conducted inventory of mangrove forests to characterise forest stand structure and estimate carbon stocks in the small estuarine mangroves of Geza and Mtimbwani in Tanga, Tanzania. Forest structure, above-ground carbon (AGC), and below-ground carbon (BGC) were characterised. Soil carbon was estimated to 1 m depth using loss on ignition procedure. Six common mangrove species were identified dominated byAvicennia marina(Forsk.) Vierh. andRhizophora mucronataLamarck. Forest stand density and basal area were 1740 stems ha−1and 17.2 m2 ha−1for Geza and 2334 stems ha−1and 30.3 m2 ha−1for Mtimbwani. Total ecosystem carbon stocks were 414.6 Mg C ha−1for Geza and 684.9 Mg C ha−1for Mtimbwani. Soil carbon contributed over 65% of these stocks, decreasing with depth. Mid zones of the mangrove stands had highest carbon stocks. These data demonstrate that studied mangroves are potential for carbon projects and provide the baseline for monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) to support the projects.

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Section: Vegetation Structure and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Stocks in the Small Estuarine Mangroves of Geza and Mtimbwani, Tanga, Tanzania

Alavaisha

Mangora

2016

International Journal of Forestry Research

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“…On a wider geographical scale, climatic factors (abiotic) including temperature and precipitation have an association with carbon storage 9,30 , while the local or regional hydrological system, such as freshwater flow or the tidal regime, controls porewater salinity in the sediment 9,37,39,40 , which, in turn, influences plant growth, stand structure and ecosystem productivity 41 and therefore blue carbon storage. Sediment salinity also controls total sediment nutrients 39 (nitrogen, phosphorus and total organic matter), as well as the distribution of the plant species 42 and, hence, their functional traits. For example, low-salinity areas are rich in plant species with a higher potential for photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency 43 , resulting in higher dry matter content and higher growth form (maximum canopy height) compared to plant species in high-salinity areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Co-benefits of protecting mangroves for biodiversity conservation and carbon storage

Rahman

Zimmer

Ahmed³

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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The conservation of ecosystems and their biodiversity has numerous co-benefits, both for local societies and for humankind worldwide. While the co-benefit of climate change mitigation through so called blue carbon storage in coastal ecosystems has raised increasing interest in mangroves, the relevance of multifaceted biodiversity as a driver of carbon storage remains unclear. Sediment salinity, taxonomic diversity, functional diversity and functional distinctiveness together explain 69%, 69%, 27% and 61% of the variation in above- and belowground plant biomass carbon, sediment organic carbon and total ecosystem carbon storage, respectively, in the Sundarbans Reserved Forest. Functional distinctiveness had the strongest explanatory power for carbon storage, indicating that blue carbon in mangroves is driven by the functional composition of diverse tree assemblages. Protecting and restoring mangrove biodiversity with site-specific dominant species and other species of contrasting functional traits would have the co-benefit of maximizing their capacity for climate change mitigation through increased carbon storage.

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“…8 ). Individual studies also suggest that mixed-species restoration projects do not always have better outcomes than monospecific restoration projects, as for example shown in field experiments that found no significant difference in productivity between mixed-species and monospecific restoration with A. marina 43 . The benefits of monospecific restoration should be assessed carefully on a function-by-function basis, and only used where needed for a particular function (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of the ecological and economic outcomes of mangrove restoration

Friess

Gasparatos

2021

Nat Commun

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Mangrove restoration has become a popular strategy to ensure the critical functions and economic benefits of this ecosystem. This study conducts a meta-analysis of the peer-reviewed literature on the outcomes of mangrove restoration. On aggregate, restored mangroves provide higher ecosystem functions than unvegetated tidal flats but lower than natural mangrove stands (respectively RR’ = 0.43, 95%CIs = 0.23 to 0.63; RR’ = −0.21, 95%CIs = −0.34 to −0.08), while they perform on par with naturally-regenerated mangroves and degraded mangroves. However, restoration outcomes vary widely between functions and comparative bases, and are mediated by factors such as restoration age, species, and restoration method. Furthermore, mangrove restoration offers positive benefit-cost ratios ranging from 10.50 to 6.83 under variable discount rates (−2% to 8%), suggesting that mangrove restoration is a cost-effective form of ecosystem management. Overall, the results suggest that mangrove restoration has substantial potential to contribute to multiple policy objectives related to biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation and sustainable development.

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Effects of species richness, identity and environmental variables on growth in planted mangroves in Kenya

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Carbon Stocks in the Small Estuarine Mangroves of Geza and Mtimbwani, Tanga, Tanzania

Carbon Stocks in the Small Estuarine Mangroves of Geza and Mtimbwani, Tanga, Tanzania

Co-benefits of protecting mangroves for biodiversity conservation and carbon storage

A meta-analysis of the ecological and economic outcomes of mangrove restoration

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