Effects of spawning success and rearing-environment on genome-wide variation of red drum in a large stock-enhancement program

O’Leary, Shannon J.; Hollenbeck, Christopher M.; Vega, Robert R.; Fincannon, Ashley N.; Portnoy, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738539

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Because we sampled larvae soon after they hatched, we captured the reduction in N e largely due to factors in the fertilization stage. As fish continue to age, competition and other sources of mortality could continue to reduce N e , though some evidence suggests that the greatest decline in N e occurs at the fertilization stage, mostly due to failed spawns (O'Leary et al 2022). Understanding the response in N e at the subadult to adult life stage, the age at which Delta Smelt are released to the wild (U.S. Wildlife Service 2020, 2021), would further inform the genetic consequences of these two spawning strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As fish continue to age, competition and other sources of mortality could continue to reduce N e , though some evidence suggests that the greatest decline in N e occurs at the fertilization stage, mostly due to failed spawns (O'Leary et al. 2022). Understanding the response in N e at the subadult to adult life stage, the age at which Delta Smelt are released to the wild (U.S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing captive spawning strategies for supplementation production of Delta Smelt

LaCava,

Donohue,

Badger

et al. 2023

Trans Am Fish Soc

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To support the declining wild population of Delta Smelt, a conservation hatchery has expanded its mission from maintaining a backup population as insurance against extinction to also producing fish for release into the wild. The substantially higher production demands require a balance between producing large numbers of fish while adhering to conservation genetic principles that maximize retention of effective population size (Ne) and thus overall diversity. We performed spawning experiments at the hatchery to evaluate the genetic consequences of two spawning strategies: 1) a pooled strategy where we fertilized premixed eggs from three dams with premixed milt from three sires and 2) a partial‐factorial strategy where eggs from three dams were mixed and then apportioned among three containers; each container then received milt from one sire. We used genetic parentage analysis of larval offspring to determine the reproductive success of spawners in ten replicate crosses of each strategy. Contributions of parents to offspring were more even in partial‐factorial crosses and consequently resulted in higher Ne (average Ne = 5.50 ± 0.38; expected Ne = 6.0), suggesting its potential for maintaining genetic diversity over time. In contrast, our pooled spawning experiment produced lower and more variable Ne values (average Ne = 3.86 ± 1.30), demonstrating that this more efficient method of production entails high costs in terms of long‐term genetic management. Treating our experiments as hypothetical pools of fish for release, we combined Ne values for pooled or partial‐factorial crosses to calculate the effective size of a release population (NeR). Unequal family sizes reduced the NeR for our pooled experiment to half of the expected value, whereas the partial‐factorial experiment NeR was 88% of the expected value. We discuss the benefits and risks of each method and how these can be considered when designing a spawning strategy for Delta Smelt supplementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing captive spawning strategies for supplementation production of Delta Smelt

LaCava,

Donohue,

Badger

et al. 2023

Trans Am Fish Soc

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“…Nevertheless, fisheries’ overexploitation of many declining populations is mitigated by stocking. Negative effects of supportive breeding in wild populations appear when the number of broodfishcontributing to the stocking of natural populations is too low [ 190 ]. Broodfish should be replaced with individuals originating from wild populations.…”

Section: Conservation Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The success of enhancement depends on the spawning of families and the mortality of their progeny. Spawners and their progeny of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus , were grown in three ponds and genotyped using a panel of 2000 SNPs [ 190 ]. It has been confirmed that the spawning events were dominated by a low number of usually younger spawners held for shorter periods in the hatchery, which caused a reduction in the genetic diversity in stocking material.…”

Section: Conservation Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers with Applications in Conservation and Exploitation of Aquatic Natural Populations

Wenne

2023

Animals

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An increasing number of aquatic species have been studied for genetic polymorphism, which extends the knowledge on their natural populations. One type of high-resolution molecular marker suitable for studying the genetic diversity of large numbers of individuals is single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). This review is an attempt to show the range of applications of SNPs in studies of natural populations of aquatic animals. In recent years, SNPs have been used in the genetic analysis of wild and enhanced fish and invertebrate populations in natural habitats, exploited migratory species in the oceans, migratory anadromous and freshwater fish and demersal species. SNPs have been used for the identification of species and their hybrids in natural environments, to study the genetic consequences of restocking for conservation purposes and the negative effects on natural populations of fish accidentally escaping from culture. SNPs are very useful for identifying genomic regions correlated with phenotypic variants relevant for wildlife protection, management and aquaculture. Experimental size-selective catches of populations created in tanks have caused evolutionary changes in life cycles of fishes. The research results have been discussed to clarify whether the fish populations in natural conditions can undergo changes due to selective harvesting targeting the fastest-growing fishes.

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Effects of spawning success and rearing-environment on genome-wide variation of red drum in a large stock-enhancement program

Cited by 2 publications

References 38 publications

Assessing captive spawning strategies for supplementation production of Delta Smelt

Assessing captive spawning strategies for supplementation production of Delta Smelt

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers with Applications in Conservation and Exploitation of Aquatic Natural Populations

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