Effects of soybean meal replacement with fermented soybean meal on growth, serum biochemistry and morphological condition of liver and distal intestine of Florida pompanoTrachinotus carolinus

Abstract

This study evaluated the suitability of commercially produced fermented soybean meal (FSBM) known as PepSoyGen™, in a plant-based diet for Florida pompano, Trachinotus carolinus fingerlings. An 8-week growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing 0, 206, 309 and 410 g/ kg FSBM, replacing approximately 0%, 50%, 75% and 100% SBM (designated as Basal, FSBM 50, FSBM 75 and FSBM 100, respectively) on growth performance, body composition, serum biochemistry and morphological condition of liver and distal intestine of Florida pompano. There were no significant differences in final mean weight, percentage weight gain, thermal unit growth coefficient and feed conversion ratio in all treatments. For serum biochemistry analysis, there were no significant differences in total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, bile acids, plasma alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in all treatments. Cellular infiltration, presence of goblet cells and the width of lamina propria in the distal intestine were partly improved in fish fed FSBM 75 and 100 compared to the fish fed FSBM 50 and basal diet. Glycogen granulation, inflammation and nuclear change condition in the liver of pompano were better as the inclusion of fermented product increased. Results of this study indicate that FSBM can be utilized as an alternative protein source and microbial fermentation process could improve the functional properties of SBM. K E Y W O R D S fermented soybean meal, growth performance, histology, serum biochemistry, Trachinotus carolinus

Comparative effect of advanced soy products or corn protein concentrate with porcine meal on growth, body composition, and distal intestine histology of Florida pompano, Trachinotus carolinus

“…Recent work with various advanced soy products, such as fermented soybean meal (FSBM) and enzyme‐treated soybean meal (ESBM), seems promising due to their ability to improve nutritional value of soy protein and substitute for the use of animal meal in fish diet formulation (Barnes, Brown, Bruce, Sindelar, & Neiger, ; Lim & Lee, ; Novriadi, ; Novriadi, Rhodes, Powell, Hanson, & Davis, ). Fermentation processes that allow microorganisms to degrade macromolecules to low molecular weights have been reported to have numerous benefits, including the degradation of soy immunoreactivity (Song, Frias, Martinez‐Villaluenga, Vidal‐Valdeverde, & de Mejia, ), lower levels of ANFs (Lim et al, ; Mukherjee, Chakraborty, & Dutta, ), and improvement of the nutritional quality and fibrinolytic enzyme activity of the commercial SBM (Bi et al, ).…”

Adaptation of AMPK-mTOR-signal pathways and lipid metabolism in response to low- and high-rapeseed meal diet in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi)

“…Japanese seabass fed with a full plant protein diet decreased blood glucose level [38]. However, there was no significant difference in blood glucose of Trachinotus carolinus fed with soybean meal diet was observed [37,39]. Our study revealed that high level of rapeseed meal could decrease blood glucose, which suggests that glucose uptake into tissues and glucose phosphorylation levels might be improved.…”

Partial or total replacement of fish meal in the diets of Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus

“…Previous findings when fish fed with various levels of ESBM (102.2–148 g/kg) to replace 150 g/kg dietary PBM supplemented with squid hydrolysates and squid meal did not show any clinical differences for total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, bile acids, ALP, AST and ALT enzyme activities among the dietary treatments (Novriadi, Spangler et al, ). Additional studies with the replacement of conventional SBM with various level of commercial FSBM also did not show any significant differences in all observed serum and enzyme activities parameters (Novriadi, Rhodes et al, ). Our results in the present study largely confirm the PBM replacement study where the various replacement of dietary FM with ESBM did not cause any significant effect on the total protein, albumin, ALP, ALT, AST, glucose and bile acids contents.…”

“…Samples were dehydrated through a standard ethanol series to 100%, embedded in paraffin wax and sectioned at 4 µm intervals for staining with Haematoxylin‐Eosin (H&E) stain (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Double blinded evaluation with a grading system of 1 (healthy) to 5 (degraded) was used to evaluate the distal intestine condition according to Novriadi, Rhodes et al (). The following parameters were evaluated for distal intestine analysis: the number of goblet cells (GC), level of cellular infiltration (CI) and thickness of the lamina propria within the intestinal folds (WLP).…”

“…In addition, the presence of several ANFs in SBM is known to cause alterations in the histomorphological condition of fish liver (Kokou et al, 2015;López, Flores-Ibarra, Bañuelos-Vargas, Galaviz, & True, 2015;Robaina et al, 1998) and intestine (Heikkinen et al, 2006;Krogdahl, Bakke-McKellep, & Baeverfjord, 2003). Previous studies characterized the serum biochemistry, liver and distal intestine histology of Florida pompano as the effect of poultry by-product meal (PBM) and conventional SBM replacement with advanced soy products (Novriadi, Rhodes, Powell, Hanson, & Davis, 2017;Novriadi, Spangler, Rhodes, Hanson, & Allen Davis, 2017). However, to our knowledge, the effects of dietary FM substitution with advanced soy product have not been described in Florida pompano.…”