Effects of Some Plant Growth Regulators on the Development of Strawberry Fruits in vitro Culture

Abstract

Fruits of strawberry, Fragaria x ananassa (Duch), cv. `Hohkoh-wase', one day prior to anthesis, were cultured in vitro to determine the roles of seeds in fruit development in relation to plant growth regulators .1. Fruits from which carpels were removed enlarged normally as intact fruits with carpels on the medium with a-naphthaleneacetamide (NAAm) . The ripening of intact fruits with carpels on the NAAm medium was suppressed in comparison to that of fruits without carpels.2. When fruits with or without carpels were cultured on the medium with gibberellic acid (GA3), in either fruit, only the basal portion, which was originally devoid of carpels, swelled, but the upper portion, where there were carpels originally, showed no growth.With addition of GA3 to the NAAm medium, fruits with carpels enlarged into normal shape and their growth and ripening were promoted in comparison to those of fruits on the NAAm medium.3. When fruits with or without carpels were cultured on the medium with Nsbenzyladenine (BA) and NAAm, the growth and ripening were suppressed in either fruit as the concentration of BA increased.4. When fruits with carpels were cultured on the medium with maleic hydrazide (MH) and NAAm, the browning of the carpels became severe as the concentration of MH increased, and the growth and ripening were promoted .Based on these results, it is suggested that auxin is more essential for the growth of strawberry fruits than gibberellin, and the carpel is the production site of cytokinin, which suppresses the growth and ripening of strawberry fruits.

CHANGES IN PROTEIN COMPOSITION DURING STRAWBERRY (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) FRUIT RIPENING1

“…White fruits with achenes were allowed to ripe for three days, they were then deachened and used as controls. The color development was faster in deachened fruits than it was in the respective controls, in agreement with the observations of previous authors (Given et al 1988a;Kano and Asahira 1978). After doing the extraction and electrophoresis stages as described under Materials and Methods, the presence of the above-mentioned protein was detected in all fruits, so its presence is independent of the achenes.…”

Induction of fruit set and development in pea ovary explants by gibberellic acid

“…Leopold and Scott (1952) found that many other organic and inorganic compounds increased fruit set of excised tomato ovaries too, although no data on development of fruits after setting were given. However, in all cases an exogenous hormone was also necessary for the unpollinated ovaries to grow (Nitsch 1951, Leopold and Scott 1952, Peterson 1974, Kano and Asahira 1978. In the case of pea, the induction of fruit set and development by sucrose alone were counteracted by AMO-1618 (Fig.…”

“…In the case of tomato, limited parthenocarpic growth was achieved by adding synthetic auxins to the medium. The procedures of Nitsch, particularly the agar media, have been used to investigate the role of nutrients (Leopold andScott 1952, Jong et al 1974) and hormones , Peterson 1974, Kano and Asahira 1978 in the development of the ovary. The production of gibberellin (Baldev et al 1965) and cytokinin (Van Staden and Button 1978) in seeds has been studied in cultured excised pea pods.…”

Profiles of Endogenous Plant Hormones during Growth of Strawberry Fruit on Elevated Cultivation Unit

“…In general, auxins, cytokinins (CK), gibberellins (GA) plays a role in inhibiting maturation, while abscisic acid (ABA) is thought to play a role in promoting maturation (Leopold and Kriedemann, 1964). In the application study of in vitro culture of strawberry fruits, auxin and cytokinin inhibited maturation and GA promoted maturation in growing fruits (Kano and Asahira, 1978). In ripening fruits, ABA promoted ripening and CK suppressed ripening (Kano and Asahira, 1981).…”