Effects of Some Organic Solvents on Ethylene Evolution from Young Cotton Bolls

Guinn, Gene

doi:10.1104/pp.60.3.446

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…1 was during the experimentally determined daily peak of ethylene release (Fig. 4) There is evidence that membranes are involved in ethylene synthesis (17,28), and the drying shock treatment may alter membranes more quickly than drought treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Water Deficit Stress Promote Ethylene Synthesis by Intact Plants?

Morgan¹,

He²,

Greef³

et al. 1990

Plant Physiol.

120

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The effect of plant water deficit on ethylene production by intact plants was tested in three species, beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and miniature rose (Rosa hybrida L., cv Bluesette). Compressed air was passed through glass, plant-containing cuvettes, ethylene collected on chilled columns, and subsequently assayed by gas chromatography. The usual result was that low water potential did not promote ethylene production. When plants were subjected to cessation of irrigation, ethylene production decreased on a per plant or dry weight basis of calculation. No significant promotion of ethylene production above control levels was detected when water deficit-treated bean or cotton plants were rewatered. The one exception to this was for cotton subjected to a range of water deficits, plants subjected to deficits of -1.4 to -1.6 MPa exhibited a transient increase of ethylene production of 40 to 50% above control levels at 24 or 48 hours. Ethylene was collected from intact leaves while plants developed a water deficit stress of -2.9 megapascals after rewatering, and no significant promotion of ethylene production was detected. The shoots of fruited, flowering cotton plants produced less ethylene when subjected to cessation of irrigation. In contrast, the ability of bench drying of detached leaves to increase ethylene production several-fold was verified for both beans and cotton. The data indicate that detached leaves react differently to rapid drying than intact plants react to drying of the soil with regard to ethylene production. This result suggests the need for additional attention to ethylene as a complicating factor in experiments employing excised plant parts and the need to verify the relevance of shock stresses in model systems.interest because the ethylene could be responsible for senescence and abscission induced by water deficits (13,25,26).Although the promotion of ethylene synthesis by water deficits appears firmly established, there are a number of concerns. First, to have a convenient experimental system, water deficits have often been imposed rapidly by drying detached leaves or fruits (3-6, 16, 18, 24, 31). In contrast, under natural drought the soil water is depleted slowly and plants progress through a series of drying cycles during which #w3 falls during the day and rises at night as plants recover due to reduced evaporative demand (30). Second, the experimental measurement of ethylene has usually required that detached plant parts be concentrated in a sealed container from which air samples are withdrawn and analyzed for ethylene. The air supply in these containers has often been static which is of some concern because oxygen is needed for the conversion of ACC to ethylene (2) and CO2 can either promote or reduce the production of ethylene (33). Finally, there are a few reports in the literature where investigators failed to observe a promotion of ethylene release with water deficit treatment of intact plants (6,9,13,19).With the development of flowing air sys...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Water Deficit Stress Promote Ethylene Synthesis by Intact Plants?

Morgan¹,

He²,

Greef³

et al. 1990

Plant Physiol.

120

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Stress ethylene: A bioassay for rhizosphere-applied phytotoxicants

Rodecap

Tingey

1981

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

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A bioassay for rhizosphere-applied phytotoxicants was developed and evaluated with a broad range of chemicals. Test substances were applied to the rhizosphere of whole, intact bush bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Bush Blue Lake 290) grown in a solid support medium and the resultant ethylene production was measured to detect the presence of phytotoxic materials. The beans were encapsulated in plastic bags for 2 hr following treatment and then incubated for 24 hr in the dark. Ethylene and ethane accumulating within the bags were quantified via gas-solid chromatography. The application of various concentrations of inorganic and organic chemicals induced various responses. No single equation adequately described the dose-response curves; therefore, a critical value (a statistically significant increase in stress ethylene) was computed for each test substance. A phytotoxic-response threshold for each test substance was defined as the test-substance concentration that caused ethylene production to exceed its respective critical-value concentration. Based on threshold concentrations determined by analysis of stress ethylene production, the relative phytotoxicity rankings of the inorganic test substances were: CdCl2>CuCl2>Pb(C2H3O2)2>LiCl, while those of the organic test substances were 2,4-D esters>paraquat dichloride>1-butanol>2-propanone>2-propanol. Both stress ethylene and ethane production were nonresponsive to hydrogen-ion concentration (measured before application) over a broad pH range. However, significant ethane production was detected at pH 2 and stress ethylene was produced at pH 1. The measurement of stress-induced ethylene provides a rapid and simple means to determine the relative phytoxicity of rhizosphere-applied substances.

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An anomalous effect of isopropanol on lettuce germination

Reynolds

1979

Plant Science Letters

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Effects of Some Organic Solvents on Ethylene Evolution from Young Cotton Bolls

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Does Water Deficit Stress Promote Ethylene Synthesis by Intact Plants?

Does Water Deficit Stress Promote Ethylene Synthesis by Intact Plants?

Stress ethylene: A bioassay for rhizosphere-applied phytotoxicants

An anomalous effect of isopropanol on lettuce germination

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