Effects of Some Disinfectants on African Swine Fever Virus

Abstract

Ten commercially available disinfectants were tested at high p H in 2% sodium hydroxide and low p H in 2% acetic acid as inactivants for African swine fever (ASF) in a protein-rich blood-spleen homogenate. As assayed in leukocyte cultures, sodium hydroxide and acetic acid, sodium meta silicate and Roccal did not inactivate ASF virus in 1 hr at 22 to 25 C. Some viricidal activity as assayed in leukocyte cultures was found with Weladol, Triton X-100 Amphyl, pHisoHex, sodium dodecyl sulfate, LpH, Environ, Environ D, and One-Stroke Environ. Of these, the last four appeared to be most promising. When assayed in pigs, only One-Stroke Environ (1/E) was viricidal. Concentrations of 1.0, 0.75, and 0.5 were effective, but, at 0.25%, virus was not inactivated. The minimal time to inactivate ASF virus by 1% 1/E is 60 min. A room contaminated with ASF virus was made safe for pigs after 1 hr by spraying with 1% 1/E. The most active component of 1/E is o -phenylphenol. Although another component of 1/E, i.e., o -benzyl- p -chlorophenol, also has some activity, the mixture of the active components of 1/E is most effective against ASF virus. One of the soluble antigens associated with ASF virus is destroyed by 1/E.

Disinfectants against African Swine Fever: An Updated Review

“…They are generally safe for users, although in some cases skin irritation can occur. Two studies are available on phenol compounds against the ASFV [ 45 , 49 ]. The first study carried out by Stone and collaborators [ 49 ] assessed the virucidal activity of three commercially available disinfectants (Environ, Environ D and One Stroke Environ) against the ASFV Lisbon 60.…”

“…Two studies are available on phenol compounds against the ASFV [ 45 , 49 ]. The first study carried out by Stone and collaborators [ 49 ] assessed the virucidal activity of three commercially available disinfectants (Environ, Environ D and One Stroke Environ) against the ASFV Lisbon 60. The disinfectants were mixed at two different concentrations: 0.5 and 1% with a positive ASFV spleen homogenate (1:10 v / v ) for 60 min at room temperature.…”

“…In addition, the same experiment was performed to assess the minimum concentration and contact time efficacious against the ASFV. A complete virucidal activity of the One Stroke Environ was demonstrated in vivo at 0.5% and for a minimum of 60 min of contact time [ 49 ].…”

In vitro cytotoxicity and virucidal efficacy of potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate compared to quaternary ammonium compound under various concentrations, exposure times and temperatures against African swine fever virus

“…ASFV may remain and cause infection for months to years in feces and blood. However, in the presence of organic materials and contamination on various surfaces, ASFV might be more stable and may even survive longer, especially in waste products around pig houses [ 9 , 10 ]. Hence, the choice of a suitable disinfectant and its effective application is important.…”

<i>In vitro</i> primary porcine alveolar macrophage cell toxicity and African swine fever virus inactivation using five commercially supply compound disinfectants under various condition

“…ASFV can remain infectious for a long period of time in feces and blood. In the presence of organic materials, the virus might be even more stable and survive for longer [ 18 ]. Therefore, choosing a suitable disinfectant and applying it appropriately plays a crucial role in effective biosecurity.…”