Effects of solvent participation and controlled product separation on biomass liquefaction: A case study of sewage sludge

Prajitno, Hermawan; Park, Jong–Keun; Ryu, Changkook; Park, Ho-Young; Lim, Hyun Soo; Kim, Jaehoon

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.008

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Kapusta [54] identified several phenolics and straight chain alcohols from methanol extractions while the undetected fatty acids is a combination of the solvent extraction and the column used for separation. Prajitno, et al [55] performed thermochemical liquefaction of sewage sludge in methanol and observed a similar diversity of fatty acids. Recently, Jarvis, et al [52] showed that the GC amenable fraction of upgraded bio-crude from sewage sludge consisted predominantly of straight chain hydrocarbons corresponding to the variety of fatty acids and alcohols observed in this study.…”

Section: Bio-crude Yields and Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass in a Novel Pilot Plant with Heat Recovery and Hydraulic Oscillation

et al. 2018

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Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is regarded as a promising technology for the production of biofuels from biomass and wastes. As such, there is a drive towards continuous-flow processing systems to aid process scale-up and eventually commercialization. The current study presents results from a novel pilot-scale HTL reactor with a feed capacity of up to 100 L/h and a process volume of approximately 20 L. The pilot plant employs a heat exchanger for heat recovery and a novel hydraulic oscillation system to increase the turbulence in the tubular reactor. The energy grass Miscanthus and the microalgae Spirulina, both representing advanced dedicated energy crops, as well as sewage sludge as high-potential waste stream were selected to assess the reactor performance. Biomass slurries with up to 16 wt% dry matter content were successfully processed. The heat recovery of the heat exchanger is found to increase with reactor run time, reaching 80% within 5–6 h of operation. The hydraulic oscillation system is shown to improve mixing and enhance heat transfer. Bio-crudes with average yields of 26 wt%, 33 wt% and 25 wt% were produced from Miscanthus, Spirulina and sewage sludge, respectively. The yields also appeared to increase with reactor run time. Bio-crude from HTL of Spirulina was mainly composed of palmitic acid, glycerol, heptadecane and linolelaidic acid, while biocrude from sewage sludge contained mainly palmitic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid. In contrast, biocrude from HTL of Miscanthus consisted of a large number of different phenolics. An energetic comparison between the three feedstocks revealed a thermal efficiency of 47%, 47% and 33% and energy return on investment (EROI) of 2.8, 3.3 and 0.5 for HTL of Miscanthus, Spirulina and sewage sludge, respectively.

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Section: Bio-crude Yields and Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass in a Novel Pilot Plant with Heat Recovery and Hydraulic Oscillation

et al. 2018

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“…Li et al (2010) also found that increasing ethanol-water ratios could improve the yield and reduce the O contents of biocrude. However, Prajitno et al (2018) pointed out that the addition of solvents should be counted for the enhancement since solvents were consumed during the HTL treatment. Therefore, solvents should be considered in the feedstock when calculating yield and energy conversion.…”

Section: ========================== Please Insert Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochar derived from municipal sludge through hydrothermal processing: A critical review on its formation, characterization, and valorization

et al. 2021

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“…Prajitno et al investigated liquefaction of sewage sludge in various supercritical solvents. Water, MeOH, ethanol (EtOH), and water–alcohol mixture are used as solvents, and the distribution of liquid products and the energy efficiency of liquefaction were analyzed as evaluation criteria.…”

Section: Htl Of Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Carbonization and Liquefaction of Sludge for Harmless and Resource Purposes: A Review

Zhang

et al. 2020

Energy Fuels

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) are two energy-efficient thermochemical conversion methods that can improve the dewatering performance of sewage sludge and turn it into useful products, hydrochar or bio-oil. This study presents an overview of the latest development on HTC and HTL in the field of sewage sludge disposal and focuses on critical hydrothermal parameters, physicochemical characteristics of the products, sludge dewater ability, migration behaviors of heavy metals (HMs) and nutrients, and fundamental transformation mechanisms. This work also analyzes the cohydrothermal treatment (HT) of sludge and other wastes, which can increase product yield and improve product quality through the synergistic effect in co-HTC (or co-HTL), and compares the two thermochemical conversion methods. Moreover, the potential challenges and opportunities for the HTC and HTL of sewage sludge are highlighted. This study aims to provide additional information to promote the industrialization of sludge treatment through HTC and HTL methods.

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Effects of solvent participation and controlled product separation on biomass liquefaction: A case study of sewage sludge

Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass in a Novel Pilot Plant with Heat Recovery and Hydraulic Oscillation

Continuous Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass in a Novel Pilot Plant with Heat Recovery and Hydraulic Oscillation

Hydrochar derived from municipal sludge through hydrothermal processing: A critical review on its formation, characterization, and valorization

Hydrothermal Carbonization and Liquefaction of Sludge for Harmless and Resource Purposes: A Review

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