Effects of Soluble Lignin on the Formic Acid‐Catalyzed Formation of Furfural: A Case Study for the Upgrading of Hemicellulose

Dussan, Karla; Girisuta, Buana; Lopes, M.; Leahy, James J.; Hayes, M.H.B.

doi:10.1002/cssc.201501415

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…3. Furfural decomposition and polymerisation towards humins has been reported under acidic conditions (Sairanen et al 2014;Dussan et al 2016). Moreover, Runge and Zhang (2012) proposed that the degradation of furfural caused the formation of tar-like humin structures, inhibiting cellulose hydrolysis.…”

Section: Furfural Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acid-soluble lignin is a significant fraction of biomass that was not measured in this 7Y solids = 1.682 − 0.0475T − 0.00715 t − 0.639C H 2 SO 4 study. However, previous studies have reported condensation of acid-soluble lignin with reactive intermediaries and sugars (Matsushita et al 2004;Dussan et al 2016). To fully understand the process of solid residue formation from lignocellulosic material, analysis and measurement of all aqueous by-products would be required.…”

Section: Residual Solids Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation of recalcitrant furan rich humins has been found to account for 10-50% of carbon losses during acid hydrolysis and reducing both levulinic acid and furfural yields (Runge and Zhang 2012;Tsilomelekis et al 2016). Additionally, high temperatures associated with acid catalysis can cause carbonization and aromatisation of lignocellulose, as well as catalyse the polymerisation of acid-soluble lignin and sugars (Matsushita et al 2004;Dussan et al 2016). Solid residue yields from acid catalysis of Miscanthus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid residue and by-product yields from acid-catalysed conversion of poplar wood to levulinic acid

et al. 2019

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This study examines the yields of solid residue and by-product from the microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic poplar wood for levulinic acid production. The aim of this study was to optimise levulinic acid production via response surface methodology (RSM) and also investigate the effect of reaction conditions on other products such as furfural, solid residue, formic acid and acetic acid yields. A maximum theoretical levulinic acid yield of 62.1% (21.0 wt %) was predicted when reaction conditions were 188 °C, 126 min and 1.93 M sulphuric acid, with a corresponding solid residue yield of 59.2 wt %. Furfural from the hydrolysis of hemicellulose was found to have significantly degraded at the optimum levulinic acid yield conditions. The investigation of formic acid yields revealed lower formic acid yields than stoichiometrically expected, indicating the organic acid reactions under microwave-assisted hydrolysis of lignocellulose. The solid residue yields were found to increase significantly with increasing reaction time and temperature. The solid residue yields under all conditions exceeded that of levulinic acid and, therefore, should be considered a significant product alongside the high-value compounds. The solid residue was further examined using IR spectra, elemental analysis and XRF for potential applications. The overall results show that poplar wood has great potential to produce renewable chemicals, but also highlight all by-products must be considered during optimization.

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Section: Furfural Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Residual Solids Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid residue and by-product yields from acid-catalysed conversion of poplar wood to levulinic acid

et al. 2019

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“…In addition to pentoses, present in this hydrolysate, there are other compounds released during the biomass pretreatment, including hexoses, lignin, organic acids, hydroxylmethyl furfural (HMF), and others. These hydrolysate components may inhibit the furfural yield by interaction between compounds and/or catalyst …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Various Chlorides on Xylose Conversion to Furfural: Experiments and Kinetic Modeling

2017

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In this paper, the catalytic activity of thirteen different metal chlorides in aqueous solution for the conversion of xylose into furfural was studied in comparison with both the auto‐ and HCl‐catalyzed reactions. A maximum furfural yield of 60.3 mol % was reached with the addition of FeCl3 to the aqueous xylose solution. However, the catalytic efficiency of FeCl3 decreased on use of birch hydrolysate as a raw material, resulting in 43.5 mol % furfural yield. The obtained experimental results were incorporated in a kinetic modeling study. The assessed reaction rates for xylose dehydration to furfural and xylose decomposition to byproducts, in the presence of AlCl3 and CrCl3 are significantly higher than during acid‐catalyzed conversion. The logarithms of the reaction rates show a linear correlation with the ionization energy as well as with the acidity of the metal ions.

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“…These hydrolysate componentsm ay inhibitt he furfural yield by interaction between compounds and/or catalyst. [32][33][34] Twod ifferente xplanations have been proposed in the literature for the catalytic effect of different metal salts. On one side, all metal ions on dissolution in water form aqua-cations by complexing with water molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of xylulose as an intermediate in xylose conversion to furfural: insights via experiments and kinetic modelling

et al. 2015

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An experimental work has been performed to study the relevance of xylulose as an intermediate in xylose conversion to furfural in aqueous solution. The furfural formation was investigated at the temperature range from 180 to 220 C during non-catalyzed and acid-catalyzed conversion of xylose in a stirred microwaveassisted batch reactor. The separate experiments on xylulose and furfural conversions were carried out under similar conditions. The maximum furfural yields obtained from xylose were 48 mol% and 65 mol% for the non-catalyzed and the acid-catalyzed processes, respectively. It was shown that the furfural yield is significantly lower from xylulose than from xylose. Furthermore, the effects of initial xylose concentration and the formation of xylulose were investigated in a mechanistic modeling study. A new reaction mechanism was developed taking into account the xylulose formation from xylose. Based on the experimental results and the proposed reaction model, it was concluded that xylose isomerization to xylulose with subsequent furfural formation is not a primary reaction pathway. The obtained kinetic parameters were further used for plug flow reactor simulations to evaluate furfural yields achievable by an optimized continuous operation.

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Effects of Soluble Lignin on the Formic Acid‐Catalyzed Formation of Furfural: A Case Study for the Upgrading of Hemicellulose

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Solid residue and by-product yields from acid-catalysed conversion of poplar wood to levulinic acid

Solid residue and by-product yields from acid-catalysed conversion of poplar wood to levulinic acid

The Role of Various Chlorides on Xylose Conversion to Furfural: Experiments and Kinetic Modeling

The role of xylulose as an intermediate in xylose conversion to furfural: insights via experiments and kinetic modelling

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