Effects of soil treatment with abattoir effluent on morphological and biochemical profiles of cowpea seedlings (<i>V.unguiculata</i>) grown in gasoline polluted soil

Abstract

The effects of abattoir wastewater treated soil on morphological and biochemical profiles of cowpea seedlings (Vigna unguiculata) grown in gasoline polluted soil was studied. Percentage germination, shoot length, root length and leaf area of cowpea seedlings grown in gasoline treated soil decreased significantly (P < 0.05) when compared to the control. Moreover, gasoline contaminated soil significantly (p<0.05) decreased levels of total sugar, total protein, total amino acids, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b, and β-carotene contents of the leaves as well as significant (p<0.05) decrease in the activities of α-amylase and starch phosphorylase in the cotyledon compared to seedlings in the control. Cowpea seedlings grown in gasoline contaminated soil also showed alterations in antioxidant enzymes when compared to the control. However, treatment of gasoline contaminated soils with abattoir wastewater (AWW) substantially improved the growth parameters, chlorophyll and β-carotene contents of the cowpea seedlings. The activities of α-amylase and starch phosphorylase, in addition to the antioxidant enzymes were considerably enhanced by AWW treatment. These findings showed in clear terms that abattoir wastewater may be a suitable manorial material for remediating gasoline contaminated soils as well as mitigate toxic effects of gasoline on exposed plants.

Assessment of Growth, Yield and Fruit Nutritional Composition of Tomato and Sweet Pepper Irrigated with Abattoir Wastewater

“…Increased nutrient availability in the soil, enhanced enzymatic and microbial activities in the presence of AWW might have contributed to improved yield and nutritional quality of the fruits. This was further confirmed by Achuba and Iserhienrhien [53] who concluded that abattoir wastewater is a good source of organic manure containing essential nutrients like nitrate and phosphate. The increase in concentrations of heavy metals in fruits of pepper and tomato treated with AWW is in accordance with that of Masse and Masse [32] who stated that AWW can act as a source of major nutrients, micronutrients and trace amount of heavy metals.…”

“…The activities of α-amylase Table 6 Impact of abattoir wastewater irrigation on the fruit-heavy metal content of tomato and sweet pepper. and starch phosphorylase in the leaves of cowpea seedlings were also observed to be increased by AWW treatments over the control [53]. It was explained by Matheyarasu and Bolan [47] that AWW application increases the population of microorganisms for improved mineralization of organic matters in the soil and some of the microorganisms play important roles in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen.…”

“…Increase in proximate composition as a result of AWW treatment in this study is in agreement with that of Babyshakila et al [52] who recorded higher lipid, ash and protein content at 50% and 75% concentrations of AWW in the leaf samples of mung bean compared to the control. Achuba and Iserhienrhien [53] also obtained more chlorophyll, β-carotene, amino acids, protein and sugar in the leaves of cowpea seedlings exposed to AWW relative to the control. The activities of α-amylase Table 6 Impact of abattoir wastewater irrigation on the fruit-heavy metal content of tomato and sweet pepper.…”

Effect of oil palm leaf treatment of crude oil impinged soil on biochemical indices of cowpea (vigna unguiculata) seedlings

“…This agrees with the present investigation that reported elevated lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione and vitamin C and uric acid, though these indices were reversed by OPL addition to crude oil tainted soil ( Table 2). Attenuation of crude oil toxicity in cowpea seedlings by organic substances is in literature (Achuba and Erhijivwo, 2017;Achuba and Iserhienrhien, 2018).…”

Effect of Maize Husk Treatment of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil on Morphological and Biochemical Indices of Cowpea Seedlings

“…These observations are in line with earlier observations by several authors (Achuba 2006;Sivaraj et. al., 2014;Achuba and Iserhienrhien, 2018;Achuba, 2019). The increase in morphological indices of cowpea seedlings growing in maize husk treated crude oil polluted soil showed a potential ability of maize husk to remediate toxic effects of crude oil as reported by Abiodun et al (2016).…”