Effects of soil pulverization quality on lime stabilization of an expansive clay

Bozbey, İlknur; Garaisayev, Sanan

doi:10.1007/s12665-009-0256-5

Cited by 49 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The influence of processing is evidenced by comparing soils 1 and 3, where the montmorillonite content is relatively similar. With smaller conglomerations due to mechanical processing, soil 3 exhibited greater clay-lime reactivity, leading to higher E 1 and E 28 : This is consistent with recent research on the influence of conglomeration size (Bozbey & Garaisayev, 2010). The differential in E between soils decreases with curing time.…”

Section: Modulus Growthsupporting

confidence: 88%

Seismic modulus growth of lime-stabilised soil during curing

Toohey¹,

Mooney²

2012

Géotechnique

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This paper presents a study conducted to characterise seismic modulus growth in lime-stabilised soil (LSS) throughout 28-day curing using free-free resonance testing. The motivation for this study is to explore the prediction of 28-day modulus and strength from seismic modulus data collected during early curing, and in general to investigate the efficacy of seismic testing as a method of quality assessment for LSS. Measured E and G growth ranged from 250% to 900% during curing for the three soils. Modulus values and growth in modulus were significantly influenced by mineralogy and soil processing. The growth in seismic modulus for each soil exhibited a power law relationship with curing time. The 28-day modulus was estimated within 8% error for two soils using early curing modulus data, that is, through 7 days. Seismic modulus was found to correlate linearly with unconfined compressive strength (q u ) throughout curing. The proportionality of E and q u remained constant during curing for each soil beyond day 3. The study shows that early curing seismic data -that is, through 7, 8 or 9 days -is capable of providing a good estimate of 28-day E and q u if the variability is reasonable (here, range/mean < 0 . 5).

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Section: Modulus Growthsupporting

confidence: 88%

Seismic modulus growth of lime-stabilised soil during curing

Toohey¹,

Mooney²

2012

Géotechnique

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“…5 mm or smaller) at a faster rate than for larger clods (e.g. 20 mm or larger; Beetham et al, 2014;Bozbey and Garaisayev, 2010;Petry and Wohlgemuth, 1988). The rotovating action of site plant produces a range of clod sizes, thus the rate of change in clod ductility/strength will be heterogeneous -fast for the small clods, slow for the larger clods.…”

Section: Clod Size/strength Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lime stabilisation for earthworks: a UK perspective

Beetham

Dijkstra

Dixon

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Impr

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Lime stabilisation is a versatile technique applied during earthworks operations. Modern soil recycling units are much more efficient at pulverising fill material and intermixing the added binder/water than machinery available 20 years ago. While supplier innovation adds flexibility to the site working method, specifications have not been sufficiently updated to permit optimal application. This review paper details the physico-chemical changes instigated through the lime-clay soil reaction, updating previous reviews. It aims to assist scientific debate, current practitioners and future specification changes. For example, the application of the minimum 24 h mellowing periods (mandatory to UK specifications) with high reactivity, quicklime powders is concluded to cause increased air voids in the compacted fill.Increased air voids are associated with reduced long-term strength and potential volume change from water ingress, which is of particular concern for sulfate swelling. Shorter mellowing periods and/or use of hydrated lime may lesson this issue; however, a 'one size fits all' approach is discouraged in preference to site-specific methodologies refined to suit the fill material and project requirements. The discussion also summarises working methods which may lower the risk of sulfate swell and defines areas requiring further practical research.

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“…Several researchers have worked on the studying the effects of lime on soil properties including strength and modulus (Bell, 1996;Garzón, Cano, O`Kelly, & Sánchez-Soto, 2016), mineralogy and microstructure (Aldaood, Bouasker, & Al-Mukhtar, 2014b;Rajasekaran, Murali, & Srinivasaraghavan, 1997;Rajasekaran & Rao, 1997), permeability and compressibility (Rajasekaran & Rao, 2002a, 2002b and swell control (Aldaood, Bouasker, & Al-Mukhtar, 2014a;Seco, Ramírez, Miqueleiz, & García, 2011). Others have worked on the various parameters that influenced lime stabilization of soils including curing conditions (Al-Mukhtar, Lasledj, & Alcover, 2010a;Al-Mukhtar et al, 2010b;Aldaood et al, 2014b;George, Ponniah, & Little, 1992;Nasrizar, Muttharam, & Illamparuthi, 2010b), placement water content (Nasrizar, Muttharam, & Illamparuthi, 2010a), pulverization quality of soil (Bozbey & Garaisayev, 2010), strain rates (Alzubaidi & Lafta, 2013) and extreme soil and weathering conditions (Aldaood, Bouasker, & Al-Mukhtar, 2014c, 2014dKinuthia, Wild, & Jones, 1999;Rajasekaran, 2005;Stoltz, Cuisinier, & Masrouri, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

James¹,

Pandian²

2018

rdlc

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The use of micro ceramic dust (CD) as an additive to lime in soil stabilization has been analysed in this study. CD was obtained by crushing and sieving of waste ceramic tiles from construction debris. The initial consumption of lime (ICL) for soil modification was determined using Eades and Grim pH test. In order to study the effect of lime content on soil stabilization, three different lime contents (below ICL, ICL and above ICL) were used for stabilizing the soil. These three lime contents were amended with various amounts of CD to study its effect on the strength of the stabilized soil. Unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests were carried out on the stabilized soil specimens of dimensions 38mm x 76mm at different ages of curing. The spent UCS samples were crushed and sieved to carry out Atterberg limits and free swell tests followed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests for determining changes in microstructure. The results indicated that the addition of CD resulted in a marginally negative influence on the early strength of the stabilized soil at three days of curing whereas it enhanced the delayed strength of the soil at 28 days of curing, gaining between 12-14% strength. The effect of CD on the plasticity and swell-shrink of lime stabilized soil indicated a further reduction in plasticity and swell-shrink nature. The mineralogy of the amended soil revealed the formation of CSH and CAH minerals responsible for strength gain. SEM images used to analyse the microstructure of the virgin and stabilized soil, indicated the formation of a dense and compact microstructure. Finally, it was concluded that CD can be adopted as an auxiliary additive to lime in stabilization of expansive soil with provision of sufficient curing and the delayed onset of early strength due to CD can be overcome by using higher lime content in stabilization.Key words: Expansive soil, lime stabilization, ceramic dust, strength, mineralogy, microstructure Resumen El uso de polvo de cerámica micro (CD) como un aditivo a la cal en la estabilización del suelo se ha analizado en este estudio. El CD se obtuvo triturando y tamizando las baldosas cerámicas de desecho de los desechos de la construcción. El consumo inicial de cal (ICL) para la modificación del suelo se determinó usando Eades y Grim pH test. Con el fin de estudiar el efecto del contenido de cal sobre la estabilización del suelo, se utilizaron tres contenidos diferentes de cal (por debajo de ICL, ICL y superior ICL) para estabilizar el suelo. Estos tres contenidos de cal fueron modificados con varias cantidades de CD para estudiar su efecto sobre la resistencia del suelo estabilizado. Se realizaron pruebas de resistencia a la compresión no confinada (UCS) en las muestras de suelo estabilizado de dimensiones 38 mm x 76 mm a diferentes edades de curado. Las muestras de UCS gastadas se trituraron y se tamizaron para llevar a cabo los límites de Atterberg y las pruebas de hinchamiento libre seguidas por difracción de rayos X (XRD) y microscop...

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Effects of soil pulverization quality on lime stabilization of an expansive clay

Cited by 49 publications

References 8 publications

Seismic modulus growth of lime-stabilised soil during curing

Seismic modulus growth of lime-stabilised soil during curing

Lime stabilisation for earthworks: a UK perspective

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

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