Effects of soil limestone and foliar manganese and zinc applications on field cauliflower growth and element contents

Kowalenko, C. G.; Ihnat, Milan

doi:10.4141/cjss09013

Cited by 4 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Foliar applications of Mn and Zn on the cauliflower plants did not affect dry matter yields. Although this would suggest that Mn and Zn did not become deficient with the limestone applications, other work had shown that the type of crop (e.g., cauliflower versus oats) could have influenced the results (Kowalenko 1989), in addition to the possibility that elements other than Mn and Zn became deficient (Kowalenko and Ihnat 2010). Cauliflower tissue analyses showed that limestone increased Ca, decreased Mn, Zn, K, Mg, Na, strontium (Sr) and rubidium (Rb), but did not affect iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in the plant.…”

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confidence: 88%

“…The field trial was described in detail by Kowalenko and Ihnat (2010). Briefly, the trial was conducted on an acid soil of silty clay loam texture at Agassiz in the Lower Fraser Valley of coastal British Columbia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant and soil analyses in that study suggested that the decreased yield was limeinduced Mn or zinc (Zn) deficiency. A follow-up study on this site found that cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) dry matter yield increased, decreased or did not change during the seven-seasons of the field trial in response to the limestone treatments (Kowalenko and Ihnat 2010). Foliar applications of Mn and Zn on the cauliflower plants did not affect dry matter yields.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The objective of this report is to examine the ability of a single soil test solution to interpret the effects of limestone applications on crop growth and to predict potential detrimental effects of nutrients and elements by examining soil samples from a multi-year field trial where limestone had variable effects on cauliflower (Kowalenko and Ihnat 2010). The elements examined are those directly related to the treatments in the trial (Ca, Mn and Zn), and those considered to have been influenced by the limestone treatments including macronutrients (Mg, K, Na), nutrient analogs (Sr and Rb), micronutrients (Si, Fe and Cu) and a potentially toxic non-nutrient element (Al).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Kowalenko, C. G. and Ihnat, M. 2010. Effects of limestone applications on soil pH and extractable elements in a cauliflower field study.

…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of limestone applications on soil pH and extractable elements in a cauliflower field study

Kowalenko¹,

Ihnat²

2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Kowalenko, C. G. and Ihnat, M. 2010. Effects of limestone applications on soil pH and extractable elements in a cauliflower field study. Can. J. Soil Sci. 90: 655Á665. The pH and Mehlich-3 extractable concentrations of a variety of elements including those that were study treatments (Ca, Mn and Zn) and those that were expected to be influenced by the treatments (Mg, Sr, K, Rb, Na, Al, Fe, Si and Cu) were determined in soil samples from a cauliflower field trial conducted between 1979 and 1985. The treatments were limestone applied to the soil at three rates (0, 9 and 19 Mg ha(1 ) and Zn and Mn foliar applications. The pH of air-dried samples varied only slightly when analysed within each year of sampling versus as one batch after the trial was completed, which showed that the samples were stable over the long time the samples had to be stored through the field trial period and until the samples were analysed. Being able to do all the analyses in one batch also facilitated the application of quality control to ensure comparability of results. There were differences in the soil measurements of most of the elements taken pre-plant versus post-harvest, showing that the time of sampling must be consistent for experimental and soil test interpretations. Post-harvest samples (i.e., focusing on residual effects of limestone application) were selected to examine the treatment effects. Limestone application had wide-ranging and variable effects on extractable elements in the soil. Soil pH and extractable Ca increased with increased limestone rate as expected, while the amount of extractable Mn, Zn, K, Mg, Na, Al and Fe decreased. Extractable Sr, Si and Cu increased with limestone applications. Extractable Ca, Zn, Mg, Al and Si were affected to 15Á30 cm depth, and pH and extractable Mn, Rb and Fe were affected to 30Á60 cm. Subsurface (15 cm depth) Sr, K, Na and Cu were not influenced by the limestone treatments. The effect of limestone on the elements tended to correspond to the effect previously observed on the contents of these elements in cauliflower plants. The ability of Mehlich-3 extract solution to reflect the availability of elements to plants and the effect of limestone applications on other elements simultaneously showed the potential for this soil test solution to predict the need for nutrient amendments to prevent lime-induced deficiencies. Le pH des e´chantillons se´che´s a`l'air ne varie que le´ge`rement quand l'analyse a lieu durant l'anne´e suivant l'e´chantillonnage, comparativement au pH du lot analyse´imme´diatement au terme de l'essai, signe que les e´chantillons restent stables pendant la longue pe´riode ou`on les conserve, soit des essais au champ a`l'analyse. Pouvoir effectuer toutes les analyses d'un coup facilite le controˆle de la qualite´, qui garantit la comparabilite´des re´sultats. La quantification de la plupart des e´le´ments dans le sol varie entre les pre´le`vements effectue´s avant la plantation et ceux effectue´s apre`s la re´colte, ce qui indique que l'e´chantillonnage devrait toujours...

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confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…

Kowalenko, C. G. and Ihnat, M. 2010. Effects of limestone applications on soil pH and extractable elements in a cauliflower field study.

…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of limestone applications on soil pH and extractable elements in a cauliflower field study

Kowalenko¹,

Ihnat²

2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Ghost introgression facilitates genomic divergence of a sympatric cryptic lineage in Cycas revoluta

Chang,

Nakamura,

Chao

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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A cryptic lineage is a genetically diverged but morphologically unrecognized variant of a known species. Clarifying cryptic lineage evolution is essential for quantifying species diversity. In sympatric cryptic lineage divergence compared with allopatric divergence, the forces of divergent selection and mating patterns override geographical isolation. Introgression, by supplying preadapted or neutral standing genetic variations, can promote sympatric cryptic lineage divergence via selection. However, most studies concentrated on extant species introgression, ignoring the genetic legacy of introgression from extinct or unsampled lineages (“ghost introgression”). Cycads are an ideal plant for studying the influence of ghost introgression because of their common interspecific gene flow and past high extinction rate. Here, we utilized reference‐based ddRADseq to clarify the role of ghost introgression in the evolution of a previously identified sympatric cryptic lineage in Cycas revoluta. After re‐evaluating the evolutionary independency of cryptic lineages, the group‐wise diverged single‐nucleotide polymorphisms among sympatric and allopatric lineages were compared and functionally annotated. Next, we employed an approximate Bayesian computation method for hypothesis testing to clarify the cryptic lineage evolution and ghost introgression effect. SNPs with the genomic signatures of ghost introgression were further annotated. Our results reconfirmed the evolutionary independency of cryptic lineage among C. revoluta and demonstrated that ghost introgression to the noncryptic lineage facilitated their divergence. Gene function related to heat stress and disease resistance implied ecological adaptation of the main extant populations of C. revoluta.

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Fraser oat and soil extraction responses to zinc and manganese applied to a soil with historic limestone treatments

KowalenkoC.

IhnatM.²

2011

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Kowalenko, C. G. and Ihnat, M. 2011. Fraser oat and soil extraction responses to zinc and manganese applied to a soil with historic limestone treatments. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 647–659. A field trial initiated in 1979 examined the possibility of zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) deficiencies when limestone was applied to an acidic (approximately pH 5) soil at Agassiz, British Columbia. The results from an initial phase of the study conducted from 1979 through 1985 with cauliflower as the test crop and foliar Zn and Mn have been reported. This study reports on a follow-up to that study, with a focus on the effect of historic limestone treatments on oats with soil rather than foliar applications of Zn and Mn. Oats was selected for this phase, since it is widely assumed to be sensitive to low Mn contents, and was grown from 1988 through 1990. The limestone treatments were made in 1979, 1981 and 1986 at two rates (9 and 19 Mg ha−1each time). The micronutrient treatments were applied to the soil in each of the 3 yr of oat growth to plots that did not have previous soil micronutrient applications. Quantitative visual measurements showed that limestone applications reduced the vigor of common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) weed when the plot area was being fallowed in 1987. In 1988, nitrogen (N) deficiencies were confirmed by visual observations and soil and plant measurements, especially in the treatment with no limestone applied. Adjustments were made to the amount of N fertilizer applied in 1989 and 1990 to eliminate the complication of N deficiencies to the assessment of the effects of limestone on potential Zn and Mn deficiencies. Visual assessment, and plant and soil measurements confirmed that adequate N had been applied. Visual symptoms, dry matter measurements and nutrient contents in the crop showed that Mn and, to a lesser extent, Zn deficiencies were induced by the historic applications of limestone. The effects were quite small showing that these micronutrients were only marginally deficient. Mehlich-3 solution tended to extract more calcium (Ca) and less Mn and Zn from limestone-treated soil than control soil, similar to the response of the crop, showing the potential of this soil test to predict limestone-induced Mn and Zn deficiencies. Although plant uptake and corresponding soil extractions of Ca, Zn and Mn were consistent with regard to treatment effects, the relationships were weak, but provide sufficient information for using soil measurements to assist designing better follow-up studies. Plant measurements showed unexpected increases of iron (Fe) uptake by the crop with increased limestone application rates, whereas, limestone had the opposite effect on soil extraction of the element. Further work is required to determine why this occurred.

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Effects of soil limestone and foliar manganese and zinc applications on field cauliflower growth and element contents

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of limestone applications on soil pH and extractable elements in a cauliflower field study

Effects of limestone applications on soil pH and extractable elements in a cauliflower field study

Ghost introgression facilitates genomic divergence of a sympatric cryptic lineage in Cycas revoluta

Fraser oat and soil extraction responses to zinc and manganese applied to a soil with historic limestone treatments

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