Effects of soil and crop management practices and pedo‐hydrological conditions on the seedbank size of <i>Galinsoga</i> spp. in organic vegetable fields

Cauwer, Benny De; Biesemans, N; Ryck, S De; Delanote, Lieven; Dewaele, Karel; Willekens, Koen; Nest, Thijs Vanden; Reheul, Dirk

doi:10.1111/wre.12457

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Evidence of the aspecific AM root colonization capacity in the field, especially when tillage is reduced, was possibly found by Oehl and Koch (2018) [ 53 ]. The absence of tillage positively affected AM fungi diversity in different Chinese vineyards compared to tilled systems, regardless of the inter-row Lolium perenne cover, the level and type of P fertilization, apparently contrasting with the results obtained by De Cauwer et al (2021) [ 27 ]. In parallel, on a multi-year alfalfa-winter cereal rotation, the highest mycorrhizae abundance and diversity were associated with a continuous ground cover of herbaceous plants and infrequent tillage, compared to frequently tilled plots [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…It was observed that, when the level of plant-available phosphorus is low, AM fungi colonization favors the P uptake by mycorrhizal species. As a result, the non-host species’ development is hindered by the combined effect of the low P availability and the high competition with AM-host species which can severely impact the non-host seedbanks in the long run [ 27 , 28 ]. Although the plant host trait has been indicated as a main criterion for the selective effect of AM on weed assemblages, the study by Säle et al, 2022 [ 29 ] reported that plant host trait does not always guarantee a positive contribution to the agroecosystem mycorrhization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weeds: An Insidious Enemy or a Tool to Boost Mycorrhization in Cropping Systems?

Trinchera¹,

Raffa²

2023

Microorganisms

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Weeds have always been considered an insidious enemy, capable of reducing crop production. Conversely, the agroecological vision attributes a key role to the spontaneous flora in promoting plant diversity and belowground interactions, which may improve the ecological performance of agroecosystems. We summarized the literature on the weeds’ arbuscular–mycorrhizae (AM) interaction and we analyzed evidence on the: (i) AM suppressive/selective effect on weed communities; (ii) effect of weeds on AM colonization, and (iii) positive role of AM-supporting weeds on forming shared mycorrhizal hyphal connections in agroecosystems. While some authors conceptualized AM as a weed control tool, others underlined their selective effect on weed communities. Recent studies suggest that AM-host weeds can participate in the development of a common mycorrhizal mycelial network (MMN) among different plants species. Nevertheless, direct evidence of the actual exchange of nutrients and C between coexisting plants through MMN in agroecosystems is missing. Although the effect of agricultural practices on plant community-AM interactions are complex, more conservative farming management seems to foster AM populations. Future studies should focus on: (i) field studies, (ii) weed communities and their traits, rather than on the most abundant species, and (iii) the use of advanced analytical techniques, able to monitor MMN development and functionality.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weeds: An Insidious Enemy or a Tool to Boost Mycorrhization in Cropping Systems?

Trinchera¹,

Raffa²

2023

Microorganisms

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“…High rates of poultry manure are often associated with excessive phosphorus levels in agricultural fields (Magdoff and van Es 2021). Soils with low levels of plant-available phosphorus may have smaller G. quadriradiata seedbanks (De Cauwer et al 2021). In our field experiment, biomass and flower production were highest when both nitrogen and phosphorus rates were high.…”

Section: Galinsoga Quadriradiata Response To Nutrient Additionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Response of hairy galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata) to nitrogen, phosphorus, and competition from lettuce

2022

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Hairy galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata Cav.) is a troublesome weed in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and other low-growing crops. Many troublesome weed species are more responsive to fertilizer than major crops, and hence potentially more competitive under fertile conditions. This study examined the responses of G. quadriradiata and lettuce, in monoculture or competition with each other, to nitrogen and phosphorus. A greenhouse experiment assessed the biomass and flower production of G. quadriradiata grown in 16 nutrient treatments. The nutrient treatments were arranged in a phosphorus series, in which phosphorus varied while nitrogen was either low or high, and a nitrogen series, in which nitrogen varied while phosphorus was either low or high. A field experiment examined G. quadriradiata biomass, flower production, and competition with lettuce using the same nutrient treatments as the greenhouse experiment. Galinsoga quadriradiata dry biomass increased with phosphorus addition, especially when nitrogen was abundant. In the phosphorus series at high nitrogen, G. quadriradiata produced more biomass when competing with lettuce than in monoculture. Nutrient addition generally increased flower production per unit mass. Lettuce fresh biomass increased with phosphorus, but lettuce dry biomass was largely unaffected by fertility. Lettuce fresh and dry biomass were sometimes decreased by competition from G. quadriradiata, relative to intraspecific competition. We conclude that high phosphorus rates increase the productivity of G. quadriradiata and may increase its competitiveness. Therefore, high phosphorus rates should be avoided unless good weed control can be assured.

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“…Hairy galinsoga emergence was also modified by shallow cultivation. False seedbed strategies have been shown to reduce subsequent emergence in this species but tillage intensity (single versus double passes) did not modify results (De Cauwer et al 2019). De Cauwer et al (2020 also recommend not inverting the soil which we did every spring and this could have promoted seedbank persistence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Weed emergence and seedbank after three years of repetitive shallow cultivation in a muck soil field

et al. 2022

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Frequent cultivation is often used to control weeds in crops such as lettuce. The efficacy of this technique on weed populations has been evaluated, but the effect on weed emergence and seedbanks is less documented. Studies in mineral soil indicate that soil disturbance can increase both weed emergence and seed persistence depending on where seeds are redistributed in the soil profile. Evaluations done in muck soil are scarce. This study evaluated the effect of two and four repetitive shallow (3.4 to 7.1 cm deep) cultivations on weed emergence and the weed seedbank in muck soil. Cultivation treatments (0, 2 and 4 cultivations using a inter-row rototiller) were done in lettuce plots from 2017 to 2019. Weed density was evaluated by species before each cultivation date and after crop harvest. Viable seedbanks were evaluated by collecting soil samples before and after each growing season and placing them in greenhouse flats. Statistical analyses were based on mixed models. Results showed that shallow cultivation modified the emergence patterns of weeds but did not reduce total emergence during the subsequent years or viable seedbanks. After two seasons without seed inputs, total emergence was reduced by 46.6% and the seedbank was reduced by 31.7% regardless of the cultivation treatment. However, the seedbank of the very abundant common purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i>) remained high.

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Effects of soil and crop management practices and pedo‐hydrological conditions on the seedbank size of Galinsoga spp. in organic vegetable fields

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Weeds: An Insidious Enemy or a Tool to Boost Mycorrhization in Cropping Systems?

Weeds: An Insidious Enemy or a Tool to Boost Mycorrhization in Cropping Systems?

Response of hairy galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata) to nitrogen, phosphorus, and competition from lettuce

Weed emergence and seedbank after three years of repetitive shallow cultivation in a muck soil field

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