Effects of sodium nitrite on renal function and blood pressure in hypertensive vs. healthy study participants

Rosenbæk, Jeppe Bakkestrøm; Hornstrup, Bodil G.; Jorgensen, Andreas; Mortensen, Jørgen Birk; Pedersen, E. B.; Bech, Jesper Nørgaard

doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000001598

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In healthy adults, acute intravenous infusion of nitrite dose-dependently (0.58–5.21 μmol/kg/h) reduced blood pressure compared with placebo, but had no significant effect on GFR measured using 51 Cr-EDTA clearance 204 , 205 . This blood pressure response was augmented in hypertensive compared with normotensive individuals (mean decreases in systolic blood pressure of 17 mmHg vs 10 mmHg).…”

Section: Approaches To Restoring No Bioactivitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Nitric oxide signalling in kidney regulation and cardiometabolic health

2021

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The prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease coupled with kidney dysfunction is increasing worldwide. This triad of disorders is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality as well as a substantial economic burden. Further understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is important to develop novel preventive or therapeutic approaches. Among the proposed mechanisms, compromised nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity associated with oxidative stress is considered to be important. NO is a short-lived diatomic signalling molecule that exerts numerous effects on the kidneys, heart and vasculature as well as on peripheral metabolically active organs. The enzymatic l -arginine-dependent NO synthase (NOS) pathway is classically viewed as the main source of endogenous NO formation. However, the function of the NOS system is often compromised in various pathologies including kidney, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. An alternative pathway, the nitrate–nitrite–NO pathway, enables endogenous or dietary-derived inorganic nitrate and nitrite to be recycled via serial reduction to form bioactive nitrogen species, including NO, independent of the NOS system. Signalling via these nitrogen species is linked with cGMP-dependent and independent mechanisms. Novel approaches to restoring NO homeostasis during NOS deficiency and oxidative stress have potential therapeutic applications in kidney, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.

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Section: Approaches To Restoring No Bioactivitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Nitric oxide signalling in kidney regulation and cardiometabolic health

2021

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“…Rosenbaek and colleagues showed that acute infusion of inorganic nitrite in healthy subjects, dose‐dependently increased sodium secretion, total urine volume, GFR and reduced blood pressure . In a recent randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover study, these authors compared the blood pressure and renal function responses following infusion of nitrite (240 mg NaNO 2 kg −1 h −1 for 2 h) in hypertensive and healthy subjects . In this elegant study, it was evident that the nitrite‐mediated blood pressure‐lowering effect was more pronounced in hypertensive than in normotensive subjects (17 vs 10 mmHg, brachial systolic blood pressure).…”

Section: Therapeutic Value Of Stimulating the Nitrate–nitrite–no Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic value of stimulating the nitrate‐nitrite‐nitric oxide pathway to attenuate oxidative stress and restore nitric oxide bioavailability in cardiorenal disease

Carlström

Montenegro

2018

J Intern Med

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Cardiovascular disorders including hypertension and associated renal disease are major health problems affecting more than 1.5 billion people worldwide. Apart from nonmodifiable factors such as ageing, family history and gender, both sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary habits are considered as major risk factors. The disorders are interrelated suggesting common pathological pathways. Mechanistically, oxidative stress and compromised function of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) system leading to endothelial dysfunction and reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability have been widely implicated and associated with development and progression of disease. New strategies that correct this redox imbalance and increase NO bioactivity may have major clinical implications. The inorganic anions, nitrate and nitrite, are endogenously formed by oxidization of NOS-derived NO, but there are also high amounts of nitrate in our daily diet. In this regard, accumulated evidence over the past two decades demonstrates that these anions can be recycled back to NO and other bioactive nitrogen oxides, thus offering an attractive alternative strategy for therapeutic exploitation. In this review, we describe how dietary stimulation of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway affects cardiovascular and renal functions in health and disease via modulation of oxidative stress and NO bioavailability. Clinical studies addressing potential effects on the renal system are still limited, but blood pressure-lowering effects of nitrate supplementation have been demonstrated in healthy and hypertensive subjects as well as in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, larger clinical studies are warranted to reveal whether chronic nitrate treatment can slow-down the progression of cardiorenal disease and associated complications.

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