Effects of sodium butyrate and active <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> supplemented to pasteurized waste milk on growth performance and health condition of Holstein dairy calves

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

et al. 2021

Background There is increasing research interest in using short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including butyrate as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in animal production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of sodium butyrate (SB) in liquid feeds (milk, milk replacer, and the mixture of both) on the growth performance, rumen fermentation, and serum antioxidant capacity and immunoglobins in dairy calves before weaning. Forty healthy female Holstein calves (4-day-old, 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) were housed in individual hutches and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 10 per group) using the RAND function in Excel. The control group was fed no SB (SB0), while the other three groups were supplemented with 15 (SB15), 30 (SB30), or 45 (SB45) g/d of SB mixed into liquid feeds offered. The calves were initially fed milk only (days 2 to 20), then a mixture of milk and milk replacer (days 21 to 23), and finally milk replacer only (days 24 to 60). Results The SB supplementation enhanced growth and improved feed conversion into body weight gain compared with the SB0 group, and the average daily gain increased quadratically with increasing SB supplementation. No significant effect on rumen pH; concentrations of NH3-N, individual and total VFAs; or acetate: propionate (A:P) ratio was found during the whole experimental period. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity increased linearly with the increased SB supplementation, while the serum concentration of maleic dialdehyde linearly decreased. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, or immunoglobulin M were not affected by the SB supplementation during the whole experimental period. Conclusions Under the conditions of this study, SB supplementation improved growth performance and antioxidant function in pre-weaned dairy calves. We recommended 45 g/d as the optimal level of SB supplementation mixed into liquid feeds (milk or milk replacer) to improve the growth and antioxidant function of dairy calves before weaning.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Supplementation with sodium butyrate improves growth and antioxidant function in dairy calves before weaning

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

et al. 2021

“…The positive effects of supplementation of milk and/or MR with SB on the growth parameters observed in our study corroborate the previous studies and support the notion that butyrate supplementation is more effective when fed dairy calves earlier rather than later [14,30]. In newborn calves, solid feed intake depends on the development of the rumen, including the rumen tissue, rumen papillae, and the rumen microbiome [32,33]. In the present study, we did not see any increase in feed intake by SB supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Supplementation with sodium butyrate improves growth and antioxidant function in dairy calves before weaning

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: There is increasing research interest in using short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including butyrate as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in animal production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of sodium butyrate (SB) in milk and/or milk replacer on the growth performance, rumen fermentation, and serum antioxidant capacity and immunoglobins in dairy calves before weaning. Forty healthy female Holstein calves (4-day-old; 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) were housed in individual hutches and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 10 per group). The control group was fed no SB (SB0), while the other three groups were supplemented with 15 (SB15), 30 (SB30), or 45 (SB45) g per day of SB mixed into milk and/or milk replacer. Results: The SB supplementation enhanced growth and improved feed conversion into body weight gain compared with the SB0 group. No significant effect on rumen pH; concentrations of NH3-N, individual and total VFAs; or acetate: propionate (A:P) ratio was found during the whole experimental period. The serum glutathione peroxidase activity was higher in the SB30 and SB45 groups compared with the SB0 group, and the serum level of maleic dialdehyde linearly decreased as the SB supplementation amount increased during the whole experiment. Not inﬂuence of SB supplementation was observed on serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, or immunoglobulin M during the whole experimental period. Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, SB supplementation improved growth performance and antioxidant ability in pre-weaned dairy calves. We recommended 45 g per day as the optimal level of SB supplementation (mixed into milk and/or milk replacer) to improve the growth and antioxidant function of dairy calves before weaning.

“…In the present study, we did not see any increase in feed intake by SB supplementation. This is consistent with the reports by Hill et al [15] and Vazquez-Mendoza et al [34]. The ADG had a tendency to increase linearly with increasing SB supplementation with a quadratic dose effect, which concurs with the improved ADG previously observed in weaned calves supplemented with SB [22], and in the present study, ADG in all SB treatment groups were higher numerically than in SB0 group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Supplementation with sodium butyrate improves growth and antioxidant function in dairy calves before weaning

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: There is increasing research interest in using short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including butyrate as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in animal production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of sodium butyrate (SB) in liquid feeds (milk, milk replacer, and the mixture of both) on the growth performance, rumen fermentation, and serum antioxidant capacity and immunoglobins in dairy calves before weaning. Forty healthy female Holstein calves (4-day-old; 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) were housed in individual hutches and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 10 per group) using the RAND analysis method in Excel. The control group was fed no SB (SB0), while the other three groups were supplemented with 15 (SB15), 30 (SB30), or 45 (SB45) g per day of SB mixed into liquid feeds offered. The calves were initially fed milk only (days 2 to 20), a mixture of milk and milk replacer (days 21 to 23), and then milk replacer only (days 24 to 60). Results: The SB supplementation enhanced growth and improved feed conversion into body weight gain compared with the SB0 group，and the average body gain had a tendency to increase linearly with increasing SB supplementation with a quadratic dose effect. No significant effect on rumen pH; concentrations of NH3-N, individual and total VFAs; or acetate: propionate (A:P) ratio was found during the whole experimental period. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity increased linearly with the increased SB supplementation, and the serum concentration of maleic dialdehyde linearly decreased as the SB supplementation amount increased. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, or immunoglobulin M were not affected by the SB supplementation during the whole experimental period. Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, SB supplementation improved growth performance and antioxidant ability in pre-weaned dairy calves. We recommended 45 g per day as the optimal level of SB supplementation mixed into liquid feeds (milk or milk replacer) to improve the growth and antioxidant function of dairy calves before weaning.