Effects of sodium arsenate and arsenite on male reproductive functions in Wistar rats

Souza, Ana Cláudia Ferreira; Marchesi, Sarah Cozzer; Ferraz, Rafael Penha; Lima, Graziela Domingues de Almeida; Oliveira, Juraci Alves de; Machado‐Neves, Mariana

doi:10.1080/15287394.2016.1150926

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the present study, weight of reproductive organs was also comparable among groups, suggesting that there were no changes in androgens levels of these animals, since these endpoints depend directly on androgenic status of the animal. Similar result was found in adult animals exposed to same doses for 56 days in drinking water . In the same way, the age of preputial separation, another androgen‐dependent parameter, was similar among groups of the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prepubertal exposure to low doses of sodium arsenite impairs spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in rats

Medeiros

Samelo

Silva

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

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For the first time, juvenile toxicity of inorganic arsenic (As) was investigated in male rats, focusing on reproductive effects. As is a metalloid naturally occurring in the environment, being the inorganic forms the most toxics. Contaminated drinking water and agricultural products are the main prospectors of intoxication for general population. In the present study, Wistar male rats (21 days old) were distributed into three groups (n = 10/group): control (received vehiclefiltered drinking water), As1 (received AsNaO 2 at 0.01 mg L −1 ) and As2 (received AsNaO 2 at 10 mg L −1 ). The animals were euthanized on PND 53. Testicular damages increased in As1 and As2 compared to control (ie, presence of vacuolization, acidophilic cells, and epithelium degeneration). Testicular interstitium of As1 and As2 presented fluid's increase and intense inflammatory infiltration. In the epididymis there was reduction of sperm amount in the lumen, besides epithelium areas presenting cribriform aspect in As1 and As2, exfoliation of cells in the light (in As1) and vacuoles (in As2). In epididymis interstitium, inflammatory infiltrates were observed in initial segment of As1 and As2. AsNaO 2 changed immunolabeling pattern for androgen receptor in epididymis of As2, although serum testosterone levels was statistically comparable to control. Mass spectrometry revealed higher As concentrations in testis and epididymis of As2 compared to As1 and Control. These results indicate compromise of spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in AsNaO 2 -treated animals, possibly impairing sperm quality and fertility in long-term, even at low levels of exposure. Investigations about the reversibility of reproductive damages are necessary to better understand the mechanisms of As reproductive toxicity. K E Y W O R D Sexperimental study, histopathology, juvenile toxicity, metalloid 1 | INTRODUCTION Arsenic (As) is an element occurring naturally in the environment, chemically classified as metalloid. It can be found under organic and inorganic forms, being the inorganic the most toxic and prevalent in drinking water and aquatic environments. 1,2 The natural sources of As contamination in groundwater is often originated from the mobilization of natural deposits in rocks, sediments, soils, and geothermal water. 3 However, As contamination occurs mainly through a variety of anthropogenic activities, such as industry activity, copper smelting, As-bearing pesticides and herbicide and mining. 4 It is estimated that approximately 150 million people around the world are affected by increasing concentrations of As in drinking water. 5 In this concern, unintentional As exposure of populations from Bangladesh,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prepubertal exposure to low doses of sodium arsenite impairs spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in rats

Medeiros

Samelo

Silva

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

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“…Contrary to the previous work, however, LH concentration was slightly but significantly elevated (Ali et al, 2015). The latter effect has also been reported before in mice following arsenic-induced testicular toxicity (Souza et al, 2016). The increased concentration of LH with diminished circulatory testosterone levels in experimental mice may suggest an intact pituitary–testicular axis (Souza et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The latter effect has also been reported before in mice following arsenic-induced testicular toxicity (Souza et al, 2016). The increased concentration of LH with diminished circulatory testosterone levels in experimental mice may suggest an intact pituitary–testicular axis (Souza et al, 2016). The literature on the effect of cigarette smoking on testosterone is at variance, as shown in a recent review article (Zhao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Chronic Water-Pipe Smoke Exposure Induces Injurious Effects to Reproductive System in Male Mice

et al. 2017

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There is a global increase in the popularity of water-pipe tobacco smoking including in Europe and North America. Nevertheless, little is known about the male reproductive effects of water-pipe smoke (WPS), especially after long-term exposure. Here, we assessed effects of WPS exposure (30 min/day) in male mice for 6 months. Control mice were exposed to air-only for the same period of time. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, testicular histopathology, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, and the tyrosine–protein kinase vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) were assessed in testicular homogenates. Moreover, plasma testosterone, estradiol, and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were also measured. Chronic WPS exposure induced a significant decrease of testosterone and estradiol, and a slight but significant increase of LH. Glutathione reductase, catalase, and ascorbic acid were significantly decreased following WPS exposure. Plasma concentration of leptin was significantly decreased by WPS exposure, whereas that of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 was significantly increased. Histopathological analysis of the testes revealed the presence of a marked reduction in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules with reduced spermatogenesis. Transmission electron microscopy examination showed irregular thickening and wrinkling of the basement membranes with abnormal shapes and structures of the spermatozoa. VEGFR1 was overexpressed in the testis of the mice exposed to WPS and was not detected in the control. The urine concentration of cotinine, the predominant metabolite of nicotine, was significantly increased in the WPS-exposed group compared with the control group. We conclude that chronic exposure to WPS induces damaging effects to the reproductive system in male mice. If this can be confirmed in humans, it would be an additional concern to an already serious public health problem, especially with the increased use of WPS use all over the world, especially in young adults.

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“…Humans might be exposed to arsenic mainly through the ingestion of contaminated drinking water in which inorganic arsenic forms are predominant (Hughes, Beck, Chen, Lewis, & Thomas, 2011). Several studies showed toxic effects of arsenic on the male reproductive system of adult animals by inducing decreases in epididymal sperm counts, sperm motility, fertility parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities of the testis and epididymis (Guvvala, Sellapan, & Parameswaraiah, 2016;Lima et al, 2018;Souza, Marchesi, Ferraz, Lima, de Oliveira, & Machado-Neves, 2016;Souza, Marchesi, Domingues de Almeida Lima, Ferraz, Santos, da Matta et al, 2016). Several studies showed toxic effects of arsenic on the male reproductive system of adult animals by inducing decreases in epididymal sperm counts, sperm motility, fertility parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities of the testis and epididymis (Guvvala, Sellapan, & Parameswaraiah, 2016;Lima et al, 2018;Souza, Marchesi, Ferraz, Lima, de Oliveira, & Machado-Neves, 2016;Souza, Marchesi, Domingues de Almeida Lima, Ferraz, Santos, da Matta et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic has been linked with metabolic diseases, cancers, dysfunction of the endocrine system and reproductive disorders (Singh, Kumar, & Sahu, 2007). Several studies showed toxic effects of arsenic on the male reproductive system of adult animals by inducing decreases in epididymal sperm counts, sperm motility, fertility parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities of the testis and epididymis (Guvvala, Sellapan, & Parameswaraiah, 2016;Lima et al, 2018;Souza, Marchesi, Ferraz, Lima, de Oliveira, & Machado-Neves, 2016;Souza, Marchesi, Domingues de Almeida Lima, Ferraz, Santos, da Matta et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive disorders in female rats after prenatal exposure to sodium arsenite

Souza

Ervilha

Coimbra

et al. 2019

J of Applied Toxicology

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Arsenic is a metalloid widely found in the environment in organic and inorganic forms. Exposure to inorganic arsenic forms via drinking water has been associated with an increased incidence of negative health effects, including reproductive disorders and dysfunction of the endocrine system. However, the impact of arsenic exposure on female reproductive development is still unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the effects of prenatal exposure to arsenic on the initial sexual development and puberty onset, and in the morphology of the female reproductive organs, estrous cycle regularity and fertility parameters during adulthood. To do that, pregnant female Wistar rats were exposed to 10 mg/L sodium arsenite via drinking water from gestational day (GD) 1 until GD 21 and the female offspring was evaluated in different postnatal days. Our results showed that prenatal arsenic exposure induced a decrease of litter weight and morphological masculinization in females at postnatal day 1. Moreover, these females had a delay in the age of puberty onset and alteration in estrous cycle number and length. During adulthood, females from the sodium arsenite group showed an increase in endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium areas, and an imbalance in uterine antioxidant enzyme activity. These animals also presented an increase in post‐implantation loss and reabsorption number, leading to reduced viable fetus number. In conclusion, prenatal arsenic exposure in rats was able to promote female masculinization, alter sexual development and impair reproductive performance.

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Effects of sodium arsenate and arsenite on male reproductive functions in Wistar rats

Cited by 52 publications

References 44 publications

Prepubertal exposure to low doses of sodium arsenite impairs spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in rats

Prepubertal exposure to low doses of sodium arsenite impairs spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in rats

Chronic Water-Pipe Smoke Exposure Induces Injurious Effects to Reproductive System in Male Mice

Reproductive disorders in female rats after prenatal exposure to sodium arsenite

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