Effects of Social Isolation on the Development of Anxiety and Depression-Like Behavior in Model Experiments in Animals

Grigoryan, G. A.; Павлова, И. В.; Зайченко, М. И.

doi:10.1007/s11055-022-01297-1

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Social interaction is another area of significant behavioral impact of psychostimulants. The social environment of an animal, including humans, directly influences its development ( Grigoryan et al, 2022 ). Consequently, in recent years, the social behavior of animals has been extensively studied ( Hackenberg et al, 2021 ), with many of these studies being conducted on rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of environmental enrichment on social interaction, anxiety, locomotion, and memory in Wistar rats under chronic methylphenidate intake

Herrera-Isaza,

Zárate-Guerrero,

Corredor

et al. 2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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IntroductionChronic use of various compounds can have long-lasting effects on animal behavior, and some of these effects can be influenced by the environment. Many environmental enrichment protocols have the potential to induce behavioral changes.AimThe aim of the present study was to investigate how environmental enrichment can mitigate the effects of chronic methylphenidate consumption on the behavior of Wistar rats.MethodsThe animals were housed for 20 days under either an environmental enrichment protocol (which included tubes of different shapes) or standard housing conditions. After seven days, half of the rats received 13 days of oral administration of methylphenidate (2 mg/kg). After seven days, the rats underwent behavioral tests, including the elevated plus maze (anxiety), open field (locomotion), object-in-place recognition test (spatial memory), and a test for social interaction (social behavior).ResultsThe results showed that the enriched environmental condition reversed the enhanced time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze induced by methylphenidate (F[1,43] = 4.275, p = 0.045). Methylphenidate also enhanced exploratory rearing in the open field (F[1,43] = 4.663, p = 0.036) and the time spent in the open area of the open field (H[3] = 8.786, p = 0.032). The enriched environment mitigated the inhibition of social interaction with peers induced by methylphenidate (H[3] = 16.755, p < 0.001) as well as the preference for single exploratory behavior (H[3] = 9.041, p = 0.029).DiscussionThese findings suggest that environmental enrichment can counteract some of the effects of methylphenidate. These results are relevant for the clinical treatment of the long-lasting secondary effects associated with methylphenidate pharmacological treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of environmental enrichment on social interaction, anxiety, locomotion, and memory in Wistar rats under chronic methylphenidate intake

Herrera-Isaza,

Zárate-Guerrero,

Corredor

et al. 2023

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…These findings are consistent with Grigoryan et al . [ 66 ], who evaluated behavioral alterations and brain molecular changes in SIS mice. The open-field test is the most reliable indicator of emotionality in rodents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the SIS rats showed a significantly higher immobility time in the TST than the SG rats, indicating anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, as demonstrated in Grigoryan et al . [ 66 ]. However, AC treatment reversed this behavior [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social isolation stress-induced for 8 weeks caused an antioxidant imbalance, inducing reduced production of ROS and decreased levels of SOD, catalase, and GPx in the rat brain [ 66 , 74 ]. Our study confirmed that SIS caused oxidative damage in the rat brain, with significantly lower SOD levels and TAO activity compared to SG rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depression is another disorder observed after chronic SIS [ 20 ]. Experimental models of socially isolated adolescent and adult rats have displayed behavioral alterations associated with oxidative stress (OS) [ 21 ], including neurobiological changes in the brain that affect brain activity [ 22 – 27 ]. Social isolation and loneliness often coexist and are interrelated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Acorus calamus in preventing depression, anxiety, and oxidative stress in long-term socially isolated rats

Rai,

Joy,

Poojari

et al. 2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Social isolation stress (SIS) and individual housing have been shown to cause abnormal cognitive insufficiencies, altered anxiety levels, and signs of psychiatric diseases. Acorus calamus (AC), commonly known as Sweet Flag, has been widely used in India to treat neurological, metabolic, and respiratory disorders, indicating its potential therapeutic value. This study aimed to determine the antidepressant and antioxidative effects of AC on rats subjected to long-term, social-isolation-induced stress. Materials and Methods: This study involved 2-month-old male rats (24) weighing approximately 180200 g bred in-house. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): Group-1 received saline, Group-2 received SIS, Group-3 received only 50mg/kg AC, and Group-4 received 50mg/kg AC and SIS for 6 weeks. After this, behavioral, biochemical, and neuronal assay was conducted. Results: Behavioral experiments showed significantly higher activity levels (p < 0.001) in AC-treated rats than in the SIS group. In addition, rats subjected to SIS with AC treatment exhibited enhanced total antioxidants, superoxide dismutase, and neuronal assays compared to rats subjected to SIS alone. Conclusion: Acorus calamus treatment improved the antidepressant and antioxidant potential against SIS in rat brain tissue. Moreover, we proved that AC can effectively reverse the neurotoxicity induced by SIS in animal models. As we battle against the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and social isolation, AC could be considered a supplementary treatment to alleviate depressive-like symptoms in our present-day lifestyle. Keywords: antidepressant, antioxidative effects, brain tissue, coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

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Social isolation and post‐weaning environmental enrichment effects on rat emotional behavior and serotonergic system

da Silva,

Pinheiro,

da Silva

et al. 2024

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Social isolation (SI) is related to adverse neurobehavioral effects and neurochemical changes when it occurs early in development. On the other hand, environmental enrichment (EE) is associated with a reduction in anxiety‐like and depression‐like behavior, as well as an increase in serotonin (5‐HT) levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in rodents. This study systematically reviewed the effects of SI and EE on emotional behavior and serotonergic system components in rats after weaning. Primary experimental studies that used subgroups of rats subjected to SI, EE, and normal social conditions after weaning were considered eligible. Studies that used transgenic rodents, ex vivo studies, in vitro studies, human research, or in silico studies were ineligible. Two authors completed searches in Medline/PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Open Gray. The Kappa index was calculated to assess agreement between reviewers and assess study quality. The results showed that the animals exposed to EE showed better adaptation to a new environment. Furthermore, EE increased 5‐HT levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rodents. Thus, it appears that an EE during the critical period of development may reduce anxiety/depression‐like behaviors, as well as increase long‐term neurotransmitter response.

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Effects of Social Isolation on the Development of Anxiety and Depression-Like Behavior in Model Experiments in Animals

Cited by 15 publications

References 150 publications

Role of environmental enrichment on social interaction, anxiety, locomotion, and memory in Wistar rats under chronic methylphenidate intake

Role of environmental enrichment on social interaction, anxiety, locomotion, and memory in Wistar rats under chronic methylphenidate intake

Role of Acorus calamus in preventing depression, anxiety, and oxidative stress in long-term socially isolated rats

Social isolation and post‐weaning environmental enrichment effects on rat emotional behavior and serotonergic system

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