Effects of Slow Intravenous Administration of Endotoxin on Blood Cells and Coagulation in Dogs

Aasen, Ansgar O.; Dale, Jon; Ohlsson, Kjell; Gallimore, Michael J.

doi:10.1159/000128008

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(34 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…prekallikrein, kininogen, kininases) have been investigated. Previously we reported that plasma levels of prekallikrein and Hageman factor fall markedly in the late stages of endotoxin-induced shock in dogs (1,3) further results in cluding changes in levels of high molecular weight kininogen and kallikrein inhibitors are reported in this article.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Changes in Plasma Levels of Prekallikrein, Kallikrein, High Molecular Weight Kininogen and Kallikrein Inhibitors during Lethal Endotoxin Shock in Dogs

Gallimore¹,

Aasen²,

Amundsen³

1978

Pathophysiol Haemos Thromb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasma levels of prekallikrein, kallikrein, high molecular weight kininogen and kallikrein inhibitors were measured in samples from dogs infused with E. coli endotoxin. Markedly reduced levels of prekallikrein and high molecular weight kininogen were seen at circulatory collapse and free kallikrein was detected. Both ‘fast-reacting’ and ‘time-dependent’ inhibitors of plasma kallikrein were significantly reduced. Fractionation of pre-infusion and collapse samples by gel filtration together with immunological procedures indicated that both α₂-macroglobulin and α₁-antitrypsin were the major kallikrein inhibitors in dog plasma, and that they were significantly reduced in the collapse samples.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Changes in Plasma Levels of Prekallikrein, Kallikrein, High Molecular Weight Kininogen and Kallikrein Inhibitors during Lethal Endotoxin Shock in Dogs

Gallimore¹,

Aasen²,

Amundsen³

1978

Pathophysiol Haemos Thromb

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The blood hemoglobin and hematocrit values in the control group did not differ significantly (table II) from those of the endotoxemia group, although there was a moderate hcmoconccntration in the animals of the latter group as described by other authors, too [1]. Endo toxin infusion caused a substantial and rapid decrease of circulating plate lets (starting value: x = 251.700 ± 22,923 cells/pl; 2-hour value: x = 98.233 ± 18,396 cells/pl).…”

Section: Endotoxemia Modelsupporting

confidence: 61%

Clotting and Other Plasma Factors in Experimental Endotoxemia: Inhibition of Degradation by Exogenous Proteinase Inhibitors

Jochum¹,

Witte²,

Schießler³

et al. 1981

Eur Surg Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endotoxemia in dogs was induced by a slow intravenous infusion of E. coli endotoxin for 2 h. Thereby, a significant decrease was observed in the plasma levels of several clotting, fibrinolysis and complement factors. The changes were studied over an experimental period of 14 h and checked for statistical significance by three-way analysis of variance. Application of the broad-spectrum proteinase inhibitor aprotinin (Trasylol®) from bovine organs clearly lowered the endotoxin-induced decline of the plasma proteins studied. By intravenous application of a specific granulocytic proteinase inhibitor (Bow-man-Birk inhibitor from soybeans), the endotoxin-induced reduction of the plasma proteins was prevented in a similar manner. It can be concluded that at least some of the pathobiochemical mechanisms observed in clotting, fibrinolysis and complement systems during endotoxemia are not only caused by a severe consumption reaction but also by unspecific proteolytic degradation due to neutral granulocytic proteinases.

show abstract

“…Two horses (20,23) experienced hemorrhagic diathesis during the coagulopathy. Four horses were treated with heparin ( 18,19,20,2 l), one horse received plasma (22), and one horse (23) received both heparin and plasma treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Associated with Colic in 23 Horses (1984–1989)

Welch

Watkins

Taylor

et al. 1992

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) secondary to colic was diagnosed in 23 horses. Each horse was categorized retrospectively as to the cause of the colic based on surgical and/or necropsy findings: group 1 consisted of 14 horses with compromised intestine that required resection and anastomosis; group 2 consisted of 3 horses with nonstrangulating intestinal displacement and/or impactions; and group 3 consisted of 6 horses with colic associated with enteritis and/or colitis. Horses were considered to be affected with DIC if at least three of five hemostatic parameters were significantly abnormal: decreased antithrombin 111 (AT 111) values, increased level of fibrin degradation products (FDP), thrombocytopenia, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, and prolonged prothrombin time. The most consistent hemostatic abnormalities were decreased AT 111 activity, increased FDP titers, and thrombocytopenia. Clotting times were more variable and did not always correlate with the presence of excessive hemorrhage. Excessive hemorrhage was present during surgery in seven horses and occurred within 1 to 12 hours after surgery in nine other horses. In addition to treatment of the primary disease, 19 horses received treatment for DIC consisting of heparin and/or plasma or fresh whole blood transfusions. Heparin alone was used in 12 horses. Heparin, in addition to fresh whole blood transfusions or fresh plasma, was administered to four horses. Three horses were treated with plasma alone. Four other horses were not treated specifically for the DIC. Eight horses (34%) survived the acute coagulopathy. Although a greater proportion of the surviving horses received heparin therapy (87.5%; 7/8) than did those that died (60%; 9/15), the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.345). Of 1487 horses presented to the Texas Veterinary Medical Center for colic during a 5-year period, clotting profiles were submitted from 52 horses (3.5%) presumed to be affected with DIC. Twenty-three of these 52 horses fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of DIC. Of 23 horses with DIC, 22 (95.6%) were detected among 517 colic cases requiring surgical intervention. Significantly (P < 0.001) more horses were diagnosed as having DIC among cases of colic requiring surgery for small intestinal lesions (9.6%; 17/177) than among horses with lesions involving other portions of the gastrointestinal tract (1.8%; 6/340). Significantly (P < 0.001) more cases of DIC were detected among horses with devitalized intestine requiring resection and anastomosis (18.6%; 14/75), than among horses in which intestinal resection was not required (2.0%; 9/433). Among those horses with devitalized bowel, no significant difference (P = 0.686) was observed between small intestinal (17.4%; 11/63) or large intestinal lesions (25%; 3/12). Survival rate was 33% in groups 1 and 3, and 67% in group 2. (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1992; 6~29-35)

show abstract

Effects of Slow Intravenous Administration of Endotoxin on Blood Cells and Coagulation in Dogs

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Changes in Plasma Levels of Prekallikrein, Kallikrein, High Molecular Weight Kininogen and Kallikrein Inhibitors during Lethal Endotoxin Shock in Dogs

Changes in Plasma Levels of Prekallikrein, Kallikrein, High Molecular Weight Kininogen and Kallikrein Inhibitors during Lethal Endotoxin Shock in Dogs

Clotting and Other Plasma Factors in Experimental Endotoxemia: Inhibition of Degradation by Exogenous Proteinase Inhibitors

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Associated with Colic in 23 Horses (1984–1989)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About