Effects of slow, controlled breathing on baroreceptor control of heart rate and blood pressure in healthy men

Abstract

Slow controlled breathing is associated with potentiation of both the depressor and the cardio-inhibitory components of the arterial baroreflex, the potentiation being largely similar regardless of the age of the individual.

Respiratory modulation of cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity

“…First, while there is strong evidence to suggest that LF R-R interval fluctuations are baroreflex dependent (17), the origin of respiratory-related R-R interval fluctuations is a matter of intense debate, with some arguing for a baroreflex interaction (11,20), whereas others believe that the rhythm is caused by a predominant central mechanism (4,5). This is an important point of contention because existing evidence for an augmented cardiovagal BRS during slow breathing is largely based on the ␣-index calculated at respiratory frequencies (2,21,22); it needs to be acknowledged from the outset that the ␣-index calculated at respiratory frequencies will only provide valid and meaningful results if cardiovascular fluctuations associated with respiration are indeed linked by the baroreflex.…”

“…Our choice to pace breathe at 0.25 versus 0.10 Hz was based on two reasons. First, previous studies that have examined the impact of slow breathing on cardiovagal BRS also paced at these two frequencies (2,21). Second, pilot data indicated that the average spontaneous breathing frequency was ϳ14 breaths/min; this closely approximates the 0.25-Hz (15 breaths/min) breathing frequency.…”

Modificação do padrão respiratório melhora o controle cardiovascular na hipertensão essencial

“…In a recent study carried out by our group, slow breathing stimulation through greater chest expansion successfully lowered blood pressure and heart rate of a hypertensive patient in the postoperative period after myocardial resvascularization surgery 9 . Scientific evidence suggests that slow breathing improves baroreflex sensitivity in healthy 10 and hypertensive subjects 11 . Therefore, respiratory modulation may be of therapeutic value in controlling hypertension.…”

Efeito De Uma Sessão De Ioga Sobre a Pressão Arterial E Frequencia Cardíaca Em Mulheres Hipertensas.

“…De acordo com a tabela 2, nota-se que após a sessão controle, as voluntárias tiveram um aumento de 7 mmHg da PAS e de 2 mmHg da PAD, no minuto 60 quando comparada com o repouso, mesmo permanecendo em repouso na posição sentada com a MAPA programada para avaliar a PA e FC, a cada 10 minutos. (GROSSMAN et al, 2001;RADAELLI et al, 2004;ELLIOT et al, 2004) defendem que a redução significativa da frequência de pulso, da pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, ocasionada pela prática do ioga, possa ser atribuída à modulação da atividade autonômica com predominância do parassimpático e tônus simpático relativamente reduzido.…”

“…Da mesma forma, outros estudos com respiração lenta têm encontrado melhora nas variáveis cardiovasculares, tais como frequência cardíaca, PA e duplo produto em pacientes com HA (MURUGESAN et al, 2000;GROSSMAN et al, 2001;RADAELLI et al, 2004;ELLIOT et al, 2004).…”